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响碎煤加压气化的因素

摘要： 我国原油消费从1980年不足90kg/人逐步提高到2012年350kg/

人，目前相当于世界平均水平的60%。2012年，世界天然气平均消费水平接近500m3/人，美国长期保持在2000m3/人以上，日本天然气消费水平快速提高。按照2020年到达2012年世界平均水平计算，我国石油和天然气需求分别将达到7.5亿吨和6800亿方。煤的气化过程是一个在高温下或同时在高压下进行的复杂多相的物理化学反应过程，主要是煤中的碳（固相）与气化剂如氧气（或是空气），水蒸汽或二氧化碳等气体（气相）之间的反应。煤气的成分决定于原料种类，气化剂种类及制气过程的条件。气化过程的条件主要取决于气化炉的构造和原料煤的物理化学性质，其中煤的灰熔点和粘结性是气化用煤的重要指标。本装置碎煤加压气化采用鲁奇加压气化，鲁奇加压气化采用自热式，逆流移动床原理在压力下进行气化。所用煤是一种长焰煤。在气化炉内，原料煤在操作压力为3.0Mpa（表）下进行气化，气化剂为水蒸汽和氧气。产生的煤气逆流经过煤床并在释放热量的情况下以约400℃的温度排出气化炉。控制好各种对加压气化有影响的因素的指标能更好地利用煤的价值更有利于保护环境,降低污染和充分利用资源。

键词:碎煤加压气化; 煤的粘结性和灰熔点; 气化剂 ;粗煤气。

The influencing factors of broken coal pressurized gasification

Abstract: China's oil consumption gradually increase from less than 1980 kg / 1980 to 2012 kg / 2012 people, now equivalent to 60% of the world's average level. In 2012, the world's natural gas consumption level is close to an average of 500 m3 / person, keep for a long time in more than 2000 m3 per person in the United States, Japan's natural gas consumption level increased rapidly. Calculated according to 2020 to 2012, the world's average level, China's oil and gas demand will reach 750 million tons and 680 billion respectively. Is a coal gasification process at high temperature or high pressure at the same time under the multiphase complicated physical and chemical reaction process, mainly (solid phase) and the carbon in the coal gasification agents such as oxygen (or air), water vapour and carbon dioxide gas (gas phase) between the reaction. Gas composition depends on raw materials species, gasification agent types and the conditions of the gasification process. Mainly depends on the structure of the gasifier gasification process conditions and physical and chemical properties of raw coal, the coal ash melting point and sintering is one of the important indicators for gasification of coal. This device USES the lurgi pressurized gasification, crushed coal pressurized gasification lurgi pressurized gasification adopted self-heating type, counter-current principle of moving bed gasification under pressure. The coal is a kind of long flame coal. The operating pressure in a gasifier, raw material coal gasification under 3.0 Mpa (table), gasification agent for water vapor and oxygen. Produced by the gas flow through coal bed and in the case of heat discharge gasifier at about 400 ℃ temperature. Good control of the various factors affecting the pressurized gasification indexes can better use the value of coal is more advantageous to protect the environment, reduce pollution and make full use of resources.

gasification; The caking property of coal and ash melting point; The gasification agent; Crude coal gas.