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轴数控龙门铣床机械结构设计

摘要

现在世界上很多发达的工业化国家在生产中广泛应用数控机床。随着电

子技术和控制技术的飞速发展，当今的数控系统功能已经非常强大，而且随着数控技术的不断发展和应用领域的扩大，他对国计民生的一些重要行业的发展起着越来越重要的作用。随着科学技术的发展，世界先进技术的兴起和不断成熟，对数控技术提出了更高的要求。当今数控机床正在不断采用最新成果 ，朝着高速化，超精度化，多功能化、智能化、系统化、网络化、高可靠性与环保等方向发展。

本次毕业设计就是通过对5轴数控龙门铣床机械结构设计来加深对数控机床的了解。通过本次毕业设计了解数控龙门铣床的机械结构，并对一些关键的部件进行校核。并通过此次毕业设计熟练掌握一门三维绘图工具-Inventor.

关键词：滚珠丝杠，滚动导轨，五轴联动铣头，Inventor.

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A 5 AXIS NC MILLING PLANER MECHANICAL

STRUCTURE DESIGN

ABSTRACT

In many advanced industrialized countries in the world now is widely used CNC machine in the production .With the rapid development of electronic technology and control technology, today's numerical control system function is very strong, and with the continuous development of numerical control technology and application field expands,it to some important industry of the national economy and people's livel is playing a more and more important role in the development.With the development of science and technology, the rise of the world's advanced technology and matures, we put higher requirements on numerical control technology.Modern nc machine tools Using the latest achievements , toward high speed, super precision, and multi-functional and intelligent, systematic, network, such as high reliability and environmental protection.

This graduation design is based on the five axis nc milling planer mechanical structure design to deepen understanding of nc machine tools.Through the graduation design ,I have understanded the mechanical structure of the CNC gantry milling machine, and some of the key components for checking.And through the graduation design I master a 3 dimensinal drawing tool - Inventor.

KEY WORDS：Ball screw , Rolling guide , Five-axis linkage milling head, Inventor

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目 录

前 言 ................................................................................................ 1 第1章 数控机床概述 ....................................................................... 2 第2章 整体结构方案 ....................................................................... 3 第3章 伺服进给系统机械传动机构的设计 .................. 4 §3.1 伺服进给系统机械传动机构设计的一般要求 ...................... 4 §3.2 滚珠丝杠螺母副的原理及支撑方式 ..................................... 6

§3.2.1 滚珠丝杠螺母副的原理及特点 ...................................... 6 §3.2.2 滚珠丝杠螺母副的支撑方式 ........................................ 8 §3.2.3 支承轴承的选择 ............................................................. 9 §3.3 滚珠丝杠副的疲劳寿命计算 .................................................... 9 §3.4 预加负荷.............................................................................. 11 §3.5 机床滚珠丝杠副总体校核 .................................................. 11 §3.6 数控机床导轨 ...................................................................... 16 §3.6.1 导轨的基本类型 ........................................................... 16 §3.6.2 对导轨的基本要求 ....................................................... 16 §3.6.3 直线滚动导轨 ............................................................... 17 第四章 数控机床的进给驱动 .......................................................... 19 §4.1伺服系统的基本要求 ....................................................... 19 §4.2伺服电机的选择与计算 ................................................... 21 结 论 .............................................................................................. 26 参考文献 .......................................................................................... 27 致 谢 .............................................................................................. 28

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