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一、选词填空题的命题特点

选词填空相当于完形填空的一种变形，即将一篇短文中的若干个词抽出，要求考生在每个空格处填上一个词，使短文意思完整。该题型是对考生综合能力的考查，包括阅读理解能力、基础语法能力、单词拼写能力和语言表达能力等。通过观察近几年的中考题可以发现，选词填空的文章以记叙文和议论文为主，一般设10至12个空，每空一词。所填单词也以实词为主，兼顾虚词。其考点如下： 1. 考查词性、词形的转换。这一考点通常占较大比重，集中考查动词的时态及语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级、名词的单复数等知识点。这就要求考生首先要理解短文的主旨大意，弄清语法、句子的结构等问题。

2. 考查固定搭配。对于这类题目，我们平时要注重固定搭配的积累，比如习惯用语中的介词、固定句式中的连词等。

3. 考查关联词。关联词连接两个或更多的分句，体现了句子之间的关系。它们在句中虽不是主要成分，但起着衔接和连贯的作用。关联词的选择主要取决于考生对上下文的理解。

4. 考查推断能力。该考点侧重考查考生对整篇文章的把控能力，能根据已有的信息进行适当的推断，做出正确的判断。 二、选词填空题的解题步骤

1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。

在做题时，要跳过空格处，快速阅读全文，注意找出关键词，从整体上把握全文大意。要注重对短文首句的理解，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清

文脉，推测文章主题。

通过上下文的句子，充分理解短文的内容，注意发现固定搭配，凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格处所缺的信息，根据需要从备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。 2. 精心解题，确定语意，边读边做。

认真复读短文，确定空格处所需词语的意义；再根据空格处在句中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性；然后依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填词的正确形式。做题时，要先易后难，首先选出那些根据上下文能确定的答案，比如固定词组、句型或常见的语法结构等。对于一时把握不准的空格，可以暂时放一放，把容易做的先做好。把所有能够确定的空格填完后，再通读全文，利用排除法等来确定把握不准的空格。答题过程中不要把注意力只集中在空格处，而忽略其与全句、全文的关系，适合单句的选择未必适合全文。所以，要注意单句与中心思想的关系，围绕中心思想确定答案。 3. 三读短文，上下参照，验证答案。

细读一遍完成的短文，从上下文内容是否协调一致、语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。 例如：

根据短文内容，从方框中选出恰当的单词或短语填空，使语意通顺完整。每个选项只能用一次，有两项剩余。

A. what B. returned C. preparations D. before E. got off F. himself G. attend H. if I. Recently J. during K. got up L. national

How does David Cameron，the British prime minister，spend his day? What does he do every day? 1 ，some reporters had a chance to spend a whole day with him

and made a short video about a day in his life.

Mr. Cameron 2 at 6 a. m. He opened the fridge and made breakfast. He likes fish，tomato and lemon and made a simple sandwich of it for 3 . At 7 a. m. ，all was quiet in the kitchen as Mr. Cameron sat by a table and read his diary for the day. He read notes and thought about 4 to discuss with his team members.

After a quick shower and a change of clothes，it was time to start the working day with the cabinet (内阁) meeting. He first discussed with members from the Conservative Party (保守党) before going to a bigger cabinet meeting. There were a lot of decisions to make 5 the meetings.

At eleven o’clock，Mr. Cameron answered questions from newspapers and radio stations. He also recorded some radio messages and television speeches for 6 holidays，such as Christmas Day and New Year’s Day.

In the afternoon，Mr. Cameron prepared for the Prime Minister’s Questions for the next day. It takes him about half an hour to answer questions from more than 600 Members of Parliament (国会议员) every Wednesday. Before the question time，about ten people help him make 7 .

Each week，Mr. Cameron has to 8 a private meeting with The Queen. So at six in the afternoon，he left Downing Street (唐宁街) and went to Buckingham Palace (白金汉宫). He 9 from Buckingham Palace at seven.

A day of hard work ended around eight o’clock. Mr. Cameron read books and watched television in his bedroom 10 he went to sleep at about eleven o’clock.