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太阳能LED路灯照明节能控制系统控制器设计

摘要

随着太阳能照明技术的发展，近几年太阳能路灯行业发展迅速，规模不断扩大，并且随着新型节能LED灯具的出现，太阳能LED路灯以其节能性好的优势得到了广泛的推广。本文介绍了脉冲宽度调制技术PWM控制LED暗亮的原理，设计了一种基于MSP430F149单片机的太阳能LED路灯照明节能控制系统的控制器。整个控制器包括硬件电路的设计和软件电路的设计，硬件部分给出了控制器硬件电路原理图，设计了LED恒流驱动电路、单片机控制电路、传感检测电路和键盘显示电路。软件部分给出了亮度自适应节能控制算法流程图和C语言源程序，该算法可根据时段、环境亮度和人员活动情况改变PWM信号的占空比，自动调节LED的亮度，充分利用LED的可控性，实现最佳照度控制，达到节能目的。

关键词：LED恒流驱动；MSP430单片机； LED照明；PWM控制；亮度自适应节能控制。

太阳能LED路灯照明节能控制系统控制器设计

Abstract

With the development of solar lighting technology, in recent years the solar street lamp industry is developing rapidly, continues to expand the scale, and with the new energy-saving LED lamp, solar LED street lamps have been widely promoted for its good energy saving advantage. This paper introduces the principle of pulse width modulation technology of PWM control LED dark bright, design a controller of MSP430F149 solar LED street lighting energy-saving control system based on. The controller includes hardware circuit design and software design of the hardware circuit, gives the hardware circuit principle diagram design of the controller, LED constant current drive circuit, control circuit, sensor detection circuit and the keyboard and display circuit. The software part of the adaptive brightness control algorithm flow chart and the C language source code, the algorithm according to the time, the brightness of the environment and personnel activities change the duty ratio of PWM signal, automatic adjustment of brightness of LED, make full use of the controllability of the LED, to achieve the best illumination control, to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

Keywords: LED constant current drive; MSP430 microcontroller; LED lighting; PWM control; adaptive energy-saving control brightness.

太阳能LED路灯照明节能控制系统控制器设计

目录

1 绪论 ........................................................................................................................... 1

1.1课题的研究背景及意义 ................................................................................. 1

1.1.1 课题的背景 ......................................................................................... 1 1.1.2 课题的意义 ......................................................................................... 2 1.2 课题相关技术概述 ........................................................................................ 3

1.2.1 太阳能LED路灯的优势 .................................................................. 3 1.2.2 太阳能LED路灯的发展现状和前景 ................................................ 4 1.2.3 太阳能LED路灯控制器综述 ............................................................ 4 1.2.4 太阳能LED路灯驱动器概述[3] ......................................................... 4 1.3 本课题研究内容和论文组织结构 ................................................................ 5

1.3.1 研究内容 ............................................................................................. 5 1.3.2 论文的组织结构： ............................................................................. 5

2 系统总体方案设计 ................................................................................................. 6

2.1 总体方案设计[4] ............................................................................................. 6 2.2 PWM调光技术 ............................................................................................... 7 3 硬件电路设计 ......................................................................................................... 9

3.1 MSP430F149单片机简介 ........................................................................... 9

3.1.1 MSP430F149单片机特点 ................................................................... 9 3.1.2 MSP430F149单片机引脚简介 ......................................................... 10 3.2 单片机电路 .................................................................................................. 13

3.2.1 复位电路 ........................................................................................... 13 3.2.2 单片机时钟电路设计 ....................................................................... 13 3.2.3 A/D转换器外部基准电压电路 ...................................................... 14 3.2.4 MSP430单片机电路设计 ................................................................. 15 3.3 LED恒流驱动电路 .................................................................................... 17

3.3.1 HV9910B引脚简介及功能特性 ....................................................... 17 3.3.2 驱动电路参数计算[12] ....................................................................... 18 3.4 传感检测电路 .............................................................................................. 19

3.4.1 热释电红外探测电路[14] ................................................................... 19 3.4.2 光电传感电路 ................................................................................... 22 3.5 实时时钟电路 .............................................................................................. 23 3.6 键盘及显示电路设计 .................................................................................. 25