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基于单片机空气PM2.5浓度检测系统设计

摘 要

随着柴静的纪录片《苍穹之下》的播放，现在的人们对PM2.5已经变得更加的熟悉了。了解它的危害以后，监测PM2.5已经变得具有非常重要的意义，尤其是小型便携式的让能够让我们我们随时随地的对空气质量进行检测，确保我们周围环境的质量。

同时现代社会的经济和社会得到了充分地发展，高科技技术应用于社会的例子已经屡见不鲜，尤其在单片机快速发展的今天，单片机应用于现今检测设备已经越来越多，形成了一定的规模，越来越小型化和多样化。本课题主要是采用单片机对空气浓度PM2.5的测量系统。此系统把传感器技术与单片机的控制技术，AD转换技术相结合,实现对空气颗粒浓度的采

集。把模拟量转换成数字量，经过单片机的处理计算后，在显示屏上显示。

实践证明，该设计系统电路便于人们对身边的空气质量进行实时监测，从而可以有效地提高身体健康，改善人们周围的环境，具有非常重要的实际意义，并且操作简单，集成度高、工作稳定，调试方便，测试精度高，具有一定的实用价值，因此市场应用前景非常的广泛。

关 键 词：单片机；PM2.5；粉尘浓度；传感器技术

BASED ON SINGLE CHIP MICROCOMPUTER PM2.5

AIR QULITLY MEASURMENT DESIGN

ABSTRACT

With the broadcast Jing Chai documentary \people of PM2.5 have become more familiar. Familiar with its harm, PM2.5 monitoring has become has the very important significance, especially small portable let can let us anytime, anywhere on the air quality testing, to ensure the quality of the environment around us.

And the economy and society of modern society has been fully developed, technology is used aused in the modern testing equipment has been more and more, forming a certain scale, more and more small and diversified.This paper mainly uses the single chip microcomputer to air concentration PM2.5 measurement system. This system combines the sensor technology with the single chip microcomputer control technology, and the AD conversion technology. Realize the concentration of air paticles in the collection Analog King ad is converted to digital quantity, through calculation of the microcontroller in display screen display.

Practice has proved that the design of circuit system for real-time monitoring of the air quality around, which can effectively improve health, improve the environment around us, and has very important practical significance, and has the advantages of simple operation, high integration, stability, convenient debugging, high test precision, with some practical value. Therefore, market prospect is very widely.

KEY WORDS：MCU；PM2.5；Dust concentration；Sensor technology

目 录

前 言 ................................................................................................ 1 第1章 国内外同类设计的概况综述 ................................................ 3 §1.1 设计的历史依据及其意义 ......................... 3 §1.2国内外检测PM2.5主要的设计方法 .................. 3 第2章 系统硬件总体设计及电路设计 ............................................ 5 §2.1系统硬件总体设计 ................................. 5 §2.2硬件电路设计及相应主要芯片介绍 .................. 6 §2.2.1 单片机最小系统 .............................. 6 §2.2.2采集电路设计 ............................... 11 §2.2.3 液晶显示模块 ............................... 14 §2.2.4发光报警电路 ............................... 18 §2.2.5 供电电路 ................................... 19 第3章 软件部分设计 ..................................................................... 19 §3.1开发环境 ....................................... 21 §3.2主体程序设计 ................................... 21 §3.2.1主程序设计 ................................. 21 §3.2.2中断程序设计 ............................... 22 第4章 系统调试 ............................................................................. 23 §4.1硬件的调试 ..................................... 23 §4.2 软件的调试 .................................... 23 §4.3 软件的下载 .................................... 24 结 论 .............................................................................................. 27 参考文献 .......................................................................................... 28 致 谢 .............................................................................................. 29 附 录 A ....................................................................................... 30 附 录 B ........................................................................................ 46