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基于单片机的烟雾报警系统的设计

基于单片机的烟雾报警系统的设计

摘要

现代世界随着家庭用火和用电量的增加不断，住宅区和人员流动大的地方发生火灾的频率越来越高。如果火灾一旦发生，那将会很容易出现扑灭不及时大的情况和灭火器材缺乏，还有一些就是在场人乱套乱窜，逃生方式错误等因素，最终导致重大生命安全和财产的损失，是间很令人痛心的事情。

本课题所研究的无线多功能烟雾报警器采用STC89C51为核心控制器，利用气体传感器MQ-2、ADC0809模数转换器、DS18B20温度传感器等实现其基本功能。通过所选的传感器和芯片，当环境中可燃气体浓度或温度等发生变化时系统会发出相应的灯光报警信号和声音报警信号，以此来实现火灾报警，智能化提示。

关键词：气体传感器MQ-2；烟雾报警；单片机；DS18B20

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广东技术师范学院天河学院本科毕业论文（设计）

Abstract

The modern world with the increase of family use of fire and electricity

consumption, residential area and personnel flow of local fire frequency is higher and higher. If in the event of fire, it will be very vulnerable to put out the big situation not in time and the lack of fire-fighting equipment, and some is what straggling attendees, error factors such as the escape way, eventually lead to significant loss of life and safety and property, is a very painful thing.

This topic research the multi-function wireless smoke alarm the STC89C51 as the core controller, using gas sensor MQ - 2, ADC0809 adc, DS18B20 temperature sensor to achieve its basic function. By the selected sensors and chips, when the

concentration of combustible gas in the environment or the temperature changes when the system sends out the corresponding light alarm signal and sound alarm signal, in order to realize the fire alarm, intelligent prompt.

Key words: MQ-2 gas sensor; fire alarm; MCU; intelligent control；DS18B20

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基于单片机的烟雾报警系统的设计

目录

摘要...................................................................... 1 Abstract.................................................................. 2 1 绪论.................................................................... 4 1.1 概述.................................................................. 4 1.2 设计烟雾报警器的目的及意义........................... 错误！未定义书签。 1.3 烟雾报警器的发展与现状................................................ 5 1.4课题的研究内容 ........................................................ 6 2 烟雾报警器的设计方案.................................................... 7 2.1烟雾报警器设计思路 .................................................... 7 2.2 烟雾报警器的工作结构和原理............................................ 7 2.3 系统的功能要求及组成.................................................. 7 3 系统的硬件设计.......................................................... 9 3.1 主控电路.............................................................. 9 3.2 烟雾探测电路的设计................................................... 12

3.2.1 MQ-2介绍....................................................... 13 3.2.2 ADC0809介绍.................................................... 14 3.3 声光报警提示电路..................................................... 15

3.3.1 灯光提示电路 ................................................... 15 3.3.2 声音报警电路 ................................................... 16 3.4 温度采集电路......................................................... 17

3.4.1 DS18B20概述.................................................... 17 3.4.2 DS18B20引脚介绍................................................ 18 3.4.3 DS18B20的程序流程图............................................ 18 3.4.4 DS18B20的内部结构.............................................. 19 3.6 按键电路............................................................. 20 4 系统的软件设计......................................................... 21 4.1 软件介绍............................................................. 21 4.2 系统程序流程图....................................................... 23 5烟雾报警器的测试结果及结论 ............................................. 25 5.1 调试................................................................. 25 5.2 结论................................................................. 25 致谢..................................................................... 27 参考文献................................................................. 28

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