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A. The history of the Civil War. B. The remarkable sculptor's life. C. The comments on Augustus' works. D. The outstanding sculptor's masterpieces. C

Why do people lie? Many psychologists agree that lying can start from childhood. There are various reasons why children make false statements. They usually tell

untruthful stories to cover up the mistakes that they have done in the past. Lying is also a way to avoid receiving punishments from parents. If parents fail to reprimand their children for making up false stories, then there is a possibility that they will continue to lie during their teenage years.

Teenagers lie because they want to be accepted by their friends. This is the main reason why they create stories that are not true just to become presentable and

acceptable to other people. In some instances, teenagers tell untruthful statements to avoid criticisms from their families and friends.

As teenagers grow, lying becomes one of their habits. Their knowledge on making up untruthful stories becomes more developed. People lie in workplaces if they fail to meet the deadlines and if they fail to accomplish and do their tasks efficiently. Some of the common lies made in workplaces are getting sick and having emergencies at home. The danger involved in frequent lying is when it becomes a character. Frequent lying causes the development of the condition known to doctors as pathological(病态的) lying.

Pathological lying is a mental health condition, which is associated with individuals who have the urge to tell untruthful statements. Patients suffering from it make up stories about everything and anything. These individuals lie to meet the standards of other people who they want to please. These patients deceive other people because it gives them an unexplained pleasure. One of the best ways of treating pathological liars is to help them tell true statements and stories at all times. This may be hard for them, but as they are accustomed to it, they will start to realize that they will be more

accepted by their families and other people if they stop themselves from making up false stories.

28. The underlined word \ \ A. scold B. fine C. praise D. disappoint 29. What's the major reason for teenagers' lying behavior?

A. Protecting themselves. B. Pleasing themselves. C. Avoiding embarrassment. D. Becoming popular. 30. Pathological lying is a disease because the patients . A. lose interest in everything B. are critical about themselves C. can't help lying all the time D. have the urge to please others

31. The writer addresses pathological lying by analyzing _ . A. some typical cases

B. its causes and development

C. its unexplained pleasure

D. the difficulty of its treatment D

Sea turtles are one of several species that have temperature-dependent sex

determination. The number of female babies increases when nests are made in warmer sands.

A recent study by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,

California State University and Worldwide Fund for Nature Australia examined two genetically distinct populations of green sea turtles living in the Great Barrier Reef. The study found that a group of about 200,000 turtles living in the northern part of the reef was almost entirely female.

While the southern population was 65 t0 69 percent female, females in the

northern group accounted for 99.1 percent of young turtles and 86.8 percent of adults. After combining their results with temperature data, the scientists in charge of the study found that the northern green turtles have been producing mainly females for

more than two decades and that the complete feminization(雌性化) of this population is possible in the near future.

The temperature at which the turtles will produce male or female babies can be passed on to the turtles' children. Most sea turtle populations are now producing offspring above the most suitable temperature, making it clear that climate change poses a serious threat to the survival of these populations.

The chief executive of World Wildlife Fund Australia, Dermot O'Gorman, said this is another sign of the impact of climate change, following recent research that shows that coral bleaching(珊瑚白化) events are occurring far more frequently than in the past.

\ Reef,\ \change. But this is a quiet change. We can't see the impact it's having on a turtle population until a study like this shows some long-term trends.”

The lead author of the paper, Dr Michael Jensen, said the findings represent a major environmental conservation issue.

O'Gorman said more urgent action on climate change is clearly needed, adding that some conservationists have already taken practical measures, such as using shade cloth on turtle nesting beaches to lower the sand temperature, and reducing bycatch in the fishing industry. ¨Shade cloth can be used in certain places, but there's a limit to the scale you can do that,\

“Now every large male who can reproduce is going to be even more important.” 32.According to the research on Great Barrier Reef's green sea turtles,____. A. about 65 t0 69 percent of northern turtles are female B. 86.8 percent of southern turtles have grown up to adults C. the feminization of green sea turtles could become worse D. adult green sea turtles can change their sex in warmer places 33. Why did O'Gorman mention coral bleaching?

A. To suggest that climate change poses more risks to coral than turtles. B. To compare the living environments of turtles and coral.

C. To urge people to take practical measures to fight climate change. D. To stress this discovery about green sea turtles is very valuable. 34. Conservationists are taking action to A. keep the sea turtles' nests cool

B. stop the illegal fishing of green sea turtles

C. expand the size of the green sea turtles' nesting places D. build special nests for turtles to produce offspring 35. Which would be the best title for the article? A. How climate change affects ocean creatures

B. Invisible change caused by global warming exposed C. Necessity of protecting green sea turtles and their habitat D. Global green sea turtle populations in greater danger 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。

There is no easier way to prove that you're a capable person than by making foods that seem store-bought and expensive. You can handcraft your own by mixing flour, water, olive oil, and salt into a dough, rolling it thin, cutting it into squares, and then baking them briefly. 36 At a dinner party, when one of the hosts announced that she was going to whip up some ice cream for dessert,1 was skeptical. 37 But my friend filled a big bag with ice and salt, and a small bag with a mixture of half-and-half, vanilla juice, and sugar. She placed the smaller bag in the bigger bag, sealing it shut. Then she handed the bag- within-a-bag to her husband who shook it vigorously. 38 By God, it was ice cream. 39 If you simply combine and freeze ice-cream ingredients, the water in the mixture will form into ice crystals. Plenty of people have invented ways of getting around using a machine; plenty of people made ice cream before the machine was invented.A cookbook author suggests putting your base straight into the freezer and then taking it out, every thirty minutes or so, for a good stir(搅动).

The other night,I tried making it using the bag method. After my gallon-size ziplock sprang a leak, spraying salt water across the floor, I switched to using a big glass jar, tucking the cream-filled bag inside it.After fifteen minutes of shaking,I opened the jar. 40 Do try this at home, as a party trick on a hot summer night. A. Making ice cream typically involves some equipment.

B. No matter how you make ice cream, the key is to keep the mixture moving. C. You will undoubtedly be employed by a famous restaurant.

D. After a few more minutes of shaking, the substance inside was considerably softer. E. If the substance had been softer, it would have been like what I'd eaten at a store. F. You could probably convince your guests you got them at a famous restaurant. G. Several minutes passed, and the substance became solid. 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A.B.C和D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白 处的最佳选项。

I'd been travelling for long hours on a lonely country road when I had a flat tyre. So I had to stop and get the tools to 41 the problem. It certainly wasn't 42 doing this with a white shirt and suit on.

Nightfall was approaching. Suddenly a car__43 from behind me. A man got out and 44 to help me. Seeing his unpleasant appearance and tattoos（纹身）on his arm,I became frightened as thoughts of 45 flashed through my mind. But 46 I could say anything he had already begun to take the tools to change the 47 .While watching him I happened to look back at his car and noticed someone sitting in the passenger seat. This really 4 8 me.

Then, without 49 ,it began to rain. He suggested that l wait in his car because my car was unsafe. As the rain increased, getting us wet within seconds, I 50 agreed. When I settled into the back seat,a woman's voice came from the front seat. \ 51 when seeing an old woman there. It must be his mum,I thought. To my

surprise, the old woman was a 52 0f the man who was helping me. \stopping when he saw you 53 with the tyre.\

“Me, too!”she said with a smile. He helped drive her to see her husband twice a week in a nursing home. She also said that he 5 4 at the church and tutored disadvantaged students.

The rain stopped and Jeff and I changed the tyre.I tried to offer him money and of course he refused it.It was 55 that I judged people by the way they56 .As we shook hands I began to apologize for my 57 . He said,“I experience the same 58 Often. People who look like me don't do nice things.I 59 thought about changing the way. But then I saw this as a chance to make a 60 .So I'llleave you with the same question I ask everyone who takes time to know me. 'lf Jesus returned tomorrow and walked among us again, would you recognize Him by what He wore or by what He did?”’

41.A. find B.fix C.make D. avoid 42.A. clever B.useful C.easy D. lucky

43.A. rushed by B.pulled up C.drove away D. showed off 44.A. offered B.claimed C.turned D. managed 45.A. depression B.crashes C.thieves D. robberies 46.A. until B.when C.before D. after 47.A. tyre B.suit C.tattoos D. shirt

48.A. embarrassed B.discouraged C.puzzled D. concerned 49.A. realizing B.knowing C.warning D. waiting 50.A. directly B.unwillingly C.happily D. hurriedly 51.A. relief B.fear C.satisfaction D. excitement 52.A. nurse B.relative C.professor D. neighbour 53.A. working B.struggling C.repairing D. fighting 54.A. performed B.grew C.volunteered D. studied 55.A. shameful B.grateful C.upset D. impatient