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MVDR自适应波束形成算法研究 1

MVDR自适应波束形成算法研究

摘 要

波束形成技术和信号空间波数谱估计是自由空间信号阵列处理的两个主要研究方面。MVDR是一种基于最大信干噪比（SINR）准则的自适应波束形成算法。MVDR算法可以自适应的使阵列输出在期望方向上功率最小同时信干噪比最大。将其应用于空间波数谱估计上可以在很大程度上提高分辨率和噪声抑制性能。本文将在深入分析MVDR算法原理的基础上，通过计算机仿真和海上试验数据处理的结果，分析了MVDR算法在高分辨率空间波数谱估计应用中的性能。同时通过比较对角加载前后的数据处理结果，分析对角加载对MVDR的改进效果。

关键词：波束形成；空间波数谱估计；MVDR；对角加载

MVDR自适应波束形成算法研究 2

Study of MVDR Self-adapting Beam-forming Algorism

Abstract

Beamforming technology and signal special beam-number spectral estimation are

the two major researching emphasis in array signal processing. MVDR is a self-adapting algorism based on the maximal SINR principle. It can self-adaptingly make the array output reach maximum on the expected direction with the lowest SINR. Applying this algorism to special beam-number spectral estimation can to great extent increase the resolution and the inhibition capability. This paper makes a further analysis of MVDR algorism with the result of computer emulation and the processing of experimental data. Furthermore, this paper also shows the improvement of diagonal-loading technology to MVER algorism.

Keywords: Beam-forming ；Spatial Wave-number spectral estimation；MVDR； Diagonal loading

MVDR自适应波束形成算法研究 3

目 录

1． 引言 .................................................................................................. 4 2． MVDR自适应波束形成算法原理 ................................................. 4

2．1 MVDR权矢量.......................................................................................... 4 2．2 协方差矩阵估计....................................................................................... 6 2．3 MVDR性能分析...................................................................................... 7 2．4 MVDR算法在空间波数谱估计中的应用.............................................. 8

仿真实验1....................................................................................................... 8

仿真实验2....................................................................................................... 9 应用实例1....................................................................................................... 9

3． MVDR性能改善 ............................................................................. 11

3．1 快拍数不足对MVDR算法的影响........................................................... 11

仿真实验3..................................................................................................... 13 3．2 对角加载..................................................................................................... 14

仿真实验4..................................................................................................... 15 3．3 Rxx替代RNN的误差分析 ......................................................................... 16

仿真实验5..................................................................................................... 17 3．4 对角加载应用实例..................................................................................... 18

应用实例2..................................................................................................... 18

??总结 ........................................................................................................... 21 参考文献 .................................................................................................. 22