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第一章 语言与语言学

1. The study of ___________ does NOT form the core of linguistics. A. syntax B. pragmatics C. morphology D. sociolinguistics

2. If the study of meaning is conducted in the context of language use, a branch of linguistic study called __________ comes into being.

A. syntax B semantics C. pragmatics D. sociolinguistics 3. Which of the following statements is not the concern of psycholinguistics?

A. It aims to answer such questions as how the human mind workd when we use language.

B. It focuses on the way of processing the information we receive in the course of communication.

C. It pays more attention to the study of language acquistion in children.

D. It relates the social norms that determine the type of language to be used in a certain occasion.

4. Which of the following word is the entire arbitrary one?

A. Crash. B. Book C. Newspaper. D. Beautiful.

5. Which of the following items is not a design feature of human language? A. Competence B. Arbitrariness C. Displacement D. Productivity.

6. The differences between Traditional Grammar and Modern Linguitistics are all of the following EXCEPT ____________. A. descriptive vs. prescriptive B. spoken vs. written

C. non-Latin-based framework vs. Latin-based framework D. competence vs. performance

7. The term__________ linguistics may be defined as a way of referring to the approach which studies language change over various periods of time and at various historical stages.

A. synchronic B. diachronic

C. comparative D. historical comparative 8. Which word is the absolute arbitrary one?

A. Careful. B.Crack C. Handbag D. Table.

9. The application of linguistics principles and theories to language teaching and learning is called ___________.

A. Sociolinguistics B. Psycholinguistics C. Computational linguistics D. Applied linguistics

10. _________ is regarded as the “father of modern linguistics”? A. Chomsky B. Saussure C. Halliday D. Whorf 11. Competence refers to ___________.

A. Knowledge of meaning of words and sentence.

B. the actual realization of the language user’s knowledge of the rules in utterances. C. the ideal language user’s knowledge of the rules of his language. D. what speakers can actually do with language.

12. The subject area on the borders of linguistics and literature has become known as

___________.

A. linguistics stylistics B. anthropological linguistics C. neurolinguistics D. mathematical linguistics

13. The distinction between competence and performance is similar to the distinction between.

A. prescriptive and descriptive B. synchronic and diachronic C. speech and writing D. langue and parole

14. _________ answers such questions as how we as infants acquire our first language.

A. Psycholinguistics B. Applied linguistics

C. Sociolinguistics D. Anthropological linguistics

15. Children can speak before they can read or write shows that _________. A. language is basically vocal B. language is arbitrary C. language is used for communication D. language is productive

16. ___________ means the lack of a logical connection between the form of something and its expression in sounds.

A. Ambiguity B. Abstractness C. Arbitrariness D. Fuzziness 17. Which of the following statement about language is NOT true?

A. Language means the system of pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary.

B. Language means a particular type or style of language used for a particular purpose.

C. Language refers to the common features of all human language. D. Language includes animal and artificial features of language.

18. All human languages are organized on two levels: the sound level --- meaningless, the grammatical level --- meaningful. This means language has the design feature of _________.

A. creative B. changeable C. arbitrary D. duality

19. ________ are two sub-branches of linguistics that study the units at the grammatical level.

A. Morphology and semantics B. Morphology and syntax C. Semantics and syntax D. Morphology and phonology

20.__________ dictionary established a uniform standard for English spelling and word use.

A. Johnson’s B. Lowth’s C. John’s D. Firth’s

21. Langue & parole are a pair of important distinctions put forward by _________. A. Saussue B. Chomsky C. Lyons Halliday

22. Language has the feature of ________ in the sense that users can understand and produce sentences they have never heard before. A. duality B. productivity C. displacement D. interchangeability

23.Linguistics gives priority to the spoken language instead of the written language because __________.

A. vocal sounds are derived from writing systems. B. speech precedes writing everywhere in the world.

C. we have recording devices to study speech.

D. spoken language precedes written language only in Indo-European 24. Who made the distinction between competences and performance? A. Noam Chomsky. B. F. de. Saussure C. M. A. K. Halliday. D. L. Bloomfield 25. N. Chomsky is a great ___________ linguist.

A. Swiss B. French C. Canadian D. American