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必修4 Unit1 Women of achievement知识点讲解
1. achieve
achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如：He had finally achieved success.
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement. 2. condition
condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。如：
We should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions. The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness. My car is old but in good condition. He is overweight and out of condition.
condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在……条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。如： I will come on condition that Peter is invited.
They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.
3. devote
devote vt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote … to … 意为“献身；致力于”，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。如：He has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.
The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance. After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.
4. behave
behave vi & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现”，如behave well / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour，指“行为；态度；举止”。如：
The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests. My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired. Everyone praises the children's good behaviour.
5. worthwhile
worthwhile adj.意为“值得做的；值得出力的”，可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做……”，在动词-ing形式的结构中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。如： I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.
The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading 区别worthwhile与worth，worthy的用法：
worthwhile意为“值得”，指花时间、精力、金钱等去做某事是值得的。如：
It is worthwhile to read the book.=It is worthwhile reading the book.=Reading the book is worthwhile.这本书值得一读。但不可以说The book is worthwhile reading. worth表示“价值……”时，后接价值数量词；当表示“值得”时，后接名词、代词或动名词（不能接不定式）,常用well修饰，不用very。
This laptop is worth 10 000 yuan and it is well worth buying.这台笔记本电脑值10 000元,
很值得买。
worthy表示“有价值的；可尊敬的”时，常作定语；表示“值得”时，常作表语，结构为 worthy of sth.。
It is a worthy cause and worthy of our hardworking.这是一份高尚的事业，值得我们努力。 worthy后面还可接动名词或不定式，结构分别是worthy of being done和worthy to be done。 The incident is worthy of being remembered.=The incident is worthy to be remembered.这次事件值得纪念。
6. dress as 穿……的服装，使穿得像
Mom insists that we dress up as monsters. 妈妈坚持要我们打扮成怪物。
7. drove the attackers away; drove out any thought of failure. 赶走袭击者；打消失败的念头He drove the children to school. 他开车送孩子去上学 Indecision drives me crazy.犹豫要把我逼疯了 8.be put to
In these cases, the person is put to death.在这些案件中，罪犯被剥夺生存权利。 The prisoner was put to death at dawn. 那囚犯在黎明时被处决. 9. be concerned with/about sth
He concerned herself with public work 他关心公众事务
We're rather concerned about father's health. 我们相当担心父亲的健康。
This concerns the healthy growth of the children deeply.这事对孩子们的健康成长关系极大。
10. observe vt. 意为“观察；观测；遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。observe+宾语+宾语补足语（不带to的不定式/动词的-ing形式），被动语态要用带to的不定式。
当表示“看”时，observe，watch，see，notice的区别：
observe 相当于watch carefully，指从不同的角度长时间地看并研究，尤其用于实验或研究等场合，如observe the stars（观察星星），observe the behavior of birds（观察鸟类的习性）等；
watch意为“看；观看，特别留意、感兴趣地看运动着的东西”。如 watch TV（看电视），watch a game（观看比赛）等；
see 指“看到；看见”；强调看的结果，有意或无意地看到；
notice 指“看到；注意到；觉察到”；偶尔看到细小的但可能是重要的。 如：I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop
They were observed to enter the bank/entering the bank.他们被注意着进了银行。 He observed that we should probably have rain.
Most information was collected by direct observation of the animals’ behaviour. 11 have connection with “与……有关系”， in connection with “与……有关；关于”， His illness must have had some connection with his diet.他的病想必与他的饮食有关。 The teachers often deal with problems in connection with education.老师经常处理和教育有关的问题。Do you believe that there's a connection between smoking and heart disease? 你相信吸烟与心脏病有关系吗? 12. rather than与其说……不如说……
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，不如说他是一个探险者。
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.
13. argue
argue作动词时，意为“争论；争吵；争辩”。argue for意为“为……辩护”；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人争论”；argue against意为“据理反对；争辩……”。如 It is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected. We are always arguing with each other about money.
Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the children’s annual party. argue的名词形式为argument，意为“争论；争端；论证”，常构成短语settle an argument指“解决争端”。 14.care for
care for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照顾；照料”，且较正式；也可表示“喜欢”的意思。如：His son cared for him when he was ill. In fact, I don’t really care for basketball. care about意为“介意；在乎”，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否定句中。about用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一般省掉。 I don’t care about your opinion. I don’t care whether it rains — I’m happy.
15. intend
intend v. 意为“打算；计划；想要”。intend to do sth意为“想干某事”；intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。intend for表示“原打算给某人；准备让……干……”。如： I intended to come to your house last night but it rained.
I intend coming / to come back soon. This gift is intended for you. He hadn’t really intended that they should be there. 16. respect vt. & n. 尊敬；尊重；敬意
Youth should always show respect to old age.年轻人总是应该尊敬老人。 形容词respectable，respectful 与respective 的区别：
respectable 指“值得尊敬的”；respectful表示“尊敬的；恭敬的”；respective 指“各自的；分别的”。
表示“尊敬”时，respect和honour，regard的区别：
respect 正式用语，指对父母、年长者、正直的人、学者、法律、秘密等的尊敬或敬重 He respects his teachers.他尊敬老师。
honour非常尊敬（respect highly），指对君主、长辈、父母、贵人、德高望重之人、正直之人、天神等的敬意。He was honoured as a man of courage.他被尊为勇者。 regard指对父母、他人的感情，对法律、安息日等的尊敬。 17.deliver为…接生, 递送, 陈述, 释放, 发表(一篇演说等), 交付 Which doctor delivered the baby? 哪位医生接生了这个婴儿？
deliver sth. to sb.把某物交付给某人deliver a message带信, 传话deliver a speech作演讲 18. in consideration of报答；由于 take into consideration顾及，考虑到 under consideration在考虑中，在研究中二、练习 一）单词拼写
1. With her great efforts, she has a__________ everything she wanted to do. 2. Her research shows the c____________ between human beings and chimps.
3. He is an agricultural s______, who d_______ all his life to the research into agriculture. 4. The little boy’s bad b____________ at the party made his parents upset.