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A11 动词的时态与语态

23. A11[2018·安徽卷] The twins, who ________ their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.

A．will finish B．finish

C．have finished D．had finished

23．D 考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，完成作业是在were allowed之前发生的动作，属于“过去的过去”，应使用过去完成时。句意：已完成作业的双胞胎，被允许到操场上打羽毛球。故选D。

22．A11[2018·北京卷] —Hi, let's go skating.

—Sorry, I'm busy right now. I ________ in an application form for a new job. A．fill B．have filled

C．am filling D．will fill

22．C 考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，回答人“正忙着”，所以是“正在填写申请表格”，用现在进行时，选C。

31．A11[2018·北京卷] —What time is it?

—I have no idea.But just a minute，I ________ it for you. A．check B．checked

C．will check D．would check

31．C 考查动词的时态。根据句意可知说话人不知道现在几点，但是“将去核实一下”，应选一般将来时。故选C。

32．A11[2018·北京卷] I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ when I arrived. A．started B．was starting C．would start D．had started

32．D 考查动词的时态。根据句意可知，“我”不能跟上演讲的原因是，“我”到达的时候演讲已经开始了。“到达”为一般过去时，表述过去的动作。“已经开始”表达过去的过去，应该用过去完成时。故选D。

22. A11[2018·全国大纲卷] Unless some extra money ________， the theatre will close. A. was found B. finds

C. is found D. found

22．C 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：除非找到一些额外的钱，否则剧院将会倒闭。根据主句的将来时态可知，状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，因为find和money之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。

32. A11[2018·全国大纲卷] The reports went missing in 2018 and nobody ________ them since. A. sees B. saw

C. has seen D. had seen

32．C 考查动词的时态。句意：那些报告2019年就丢失了，从那以后没有人见过它们。此题解题的关键词是后面的since，此处意为“从那以后”，这是现在完成时的标志。故选C。

23．A11[2018·福建卷] —Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been?

—I went to Ningxia and ________ there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. A．stayed B．stay

C．had stayed D．am staying

23．A 考查动词的时态。句意：“很久没有见到你了！你去哪里了？”“我去了宁夏，在那里支教了一年。”根据句意可知，stay的动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。

28. A11[2018·湖南卷] Since the time humankind started gardening, we ________ to make our environment more beautiful.

A. try B. have been trying C. are trying D. will try

28. B 考查动词的时态。句意：自人类开始园艺的时期起，我们就一直努力把我们的环境变得更加美好。根据since的提示可知用现在完成时，再根据语境可知，动作try从过去一直持续到现在，而且还要继续进行

下去，因此用现在完成进行时。

34. A11[2018·湖南卷] Whenever you ________a present, you should think about it from the receiver's point of view.

A. bought B. have bought C. will buy D. buy

34. D 考查动词的时态。句意：不管何时买礼物，你都应该从礼物接收者的角度加以考虑。 根据主句中的情态动词可知“买”这一动作发生在将来，但是在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，不能用一般将来时，而要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。故选D。

23．A11[2018·江苏卷] —How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing? —Well, the media ________ it in a variety of forms. A．cover B．will cover

C．have covered D．covered

23．C 考查动词的时态与语态。句意：“你对于即将在南京召开的青奥会知道多少？”“哦，媒体已经以多种多样的形式对其进行了报道。”根据语境可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，故用现在完成时。

24. A11[2018·江西卷] —Tony, why are your eyes red? — I ________ up peppers for the last five minutes. A. cut B. was cutting

C. had cut D. have been cutting 24．D 考查动词的时态。句意：“托尼，为什么你的眼睛发红？”“我在过去的五分钟内一直在剁辣椒。”根据for the last five minutes可知，此处应该用现在完成进行时。此题易误选C项，误以为动作是在“过去的过去”发生的。此句是指过去所做的事对现在的影响。

1．A11[2018·山东卷] Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we________.

A．will expect B．are expecting C．expect D．had expected

1．D 考查动词的时态。句意：手写所有的请帖要比我们之前预想的更加耗时。根据句意可知，expect动作发生在was之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时。故选D。

5．A11[2018·山东卷] They made up their mind that they________ a new house once Larry changed jobs.

A．bought B．would buy

C．have bought D．had bought

5．B 考查动词的时态。句意：他们下定决心一旦拉里换了工作他们就会买一所新房子。that引导的从句的时态要与主句的时态保持一致，主句用的是一般过去时，再由语境判断从句用过去将来时。故选B。

22. A11[2018·陕西卷] During his stay in Xi'an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________．

A. would recommend

B. had recommended C. have recommended D. were recommending

22. B 考查动词的时态。所填词动作发生在tried…foods这一动作之前，即表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，故选B。

9. A11[2018·四川卷] She ________ someone, so I nodded to her and went away. A. phoned B. had phoned C. was phoning D. has phoned

9．C 考查动词的时态。根据后一分句“我”只向她点了下头可知她正在打电话，故使用过去进行时。句意：她正在和某人打电话，所以我向她点了下头便走了。

11. A11[2018·天津卷] We won't start the work until all the preparations ________． A. are being made B. will be made

C. have been made D. had been made

11. C 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：直到所有的准备工作都做完了，我们才开始工作。根据主句中的关键词won't start(不会开始)是一般将来时，可知until引导的从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如无一般现在时，可用现在完成时代替一般将来时，强调从句动作的完成性。

11．A11[2018·浙江卷] Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she ________ most of the guests before.

A．has seen B．had seen C．saw D．would see

11．B 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：索菲亚看了看周围所有的面孔，她印象中大部分客人她以前都是见过的。根据句意知，此处see的动作发生在过去的过去，同时由题眼before可知，该空应该用过去完成时态，故选B项。

4. A11[2018·重庆卷] You'd better write down her phone number before you ________ it. A. forget B. are forgetting C. forgot D. will forget

4．A 考查动词的时态。在时间状语从句、条件状语从句和让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。故选A。

8. A11[2018·重庆卷] James has just arrived, but I didn't know he ________ until yesterday. A. will come B. was coming C. had come D. came

8．B 考查动词的时态。该句中的didn't know与until连用决定了该空的时态是过去进行时，即“昨天才知道James要来”。