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glass of water in Tony's pants． Tony seems to be angry， but all the while he is saying to himself， \， dear! Thank you ， dear!\

Now all of a sudden， instead of being the person that everyone laughs at， Tony is the person of sympathy （同情）． The person that everyone laughs at should be him， but now it is Emily．

She tries to help， but they tell her， \， you stupid!\ At the end of the day， as they were waiting for the bus， Tony walks over to Emily and says in a low voice ， \， didn't you ？\ Emily says back in a quiet voice， \，too．\

（1）What does Tony think the other boys will do if they find out the fact？ A． They'll all laugh at him．

B． They'll tell the teacher about it． C． They'll try to help him．

D． They'll never speak to him again．

（2）Which is right according to the passage？ A． Emily drops the water on purpose． B． Tony is really angry with Emily．

C． Tony and Emily don't go home by bus． D． Tony and Emily aren't classmates．

（3）We know that Emily is a girl from the passage？ A． careless and lazy B． quiet and bright C． stupid and helpless D． kind and smart． 53．In the state of Qin （秦国 ） ， there was a man called Shang Yang （商鞅）． He was a statesman （政治家） and worked out many reforms（改革） for the state， like paying more attention to farming and giving rewards （报酬） to soldiers who were successful when at war．

But these reforms were not easily carried out （执行） at first． Most people didn't trust Shang Yang． In order to solve this problem， Shang Yang came up wiIh an idea． He put a thin wooden pole at the south gate of the Qin capital． Many people came to see him and the pole． Then， in front of the crowd， Shang Yang said loudly， \this pole to the north gate will get 10 gold pieces．\

It was a sample job and the reward was so large． However， some time passed and no one stepped forward． They all thought Shang Yang was making a joke．

Hearing no answer， Shang Yang stepped forward and said， \now goes to 50 gold pieces．\

This reward was unbelievably large． Finally， a man from the crowd came forward． He put the pole on his shoulders and walked to the north gate． True to his word， Shang Yang gave the man 50 gold pieces．

After that， the people of Qin were all talking about what Shang Yang did

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about the pole． They believed he was a man of his word． So when Shang Yang began carrying out his reforms， the people followed him．

Under these great reforms， Qin grew stronger and slmnger． Al last， Qin made all the seven

states into one empire （帝国）．

（1）What did Shang Yang do？ A． A statesman． B． A king．

C． An emperor． D．A soldier．

（2）In order to carry out his reforms， what idea did Shang Yang have？ A． Having a wooden pole carrying competition． B． Having a wooden pole cutting competition

C． The man stepping forward first would be praised．

D． The man carrying the pole from south gate to the north one would get some gold pieces．

（3）Why did Shang Yang's reward inerease at last？ A． Because a man stepped forward． B． Because there wasn't enough time． C． Because Shang Yang heard no answer． D． Because Shang Yang was happy．

（4）\．\mean？

A． A man who can speak loudly． B． A man who likes to speak a lot． C． A man who keeps his word． D． A man of few words．

（5）After these great reforms， what happened in the history of China？ A． Shang Yang became the first emperor． B． The first empire of China appeared． C． The south gate fell down．

D． The state of Qin became weaker and weaker．

54．（2019?湖北）When I saw Ronny for the first time， he looked like other kids in the first﹣grade classroom where I volunteered as a Reading Mom． However， he usually arrived at school wearing old clothes．

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On the day when it was Ronny's turn to read． he sat very close to me． I watched his fingers move slowly under each letter as he tried to speak out \the Sub\． It sounded more like \ Daw Saw\difficulty with the alphabet （字母）．

The year passed quickly and Ronny had made some progress but he was still below the level of grade． A few weeks before the school year ended， I held an award（颁奖） ceremony． I had gifts and certificates（证书） for everyone． It took me a while to think about which Ronny fit； I believed the gift could cheer him up． I finally decided on \． I showed his certificate and a book．

A few days later， I saw Ronny reading the book when I went back to the school． His teacher said， \． That's the first book he's ever owned． \Fighting back tears（眼泪） I came near Ronny and asked， \book， Ronny？\．

And then， for the next few minutes， he read to me more smoothly than I'd ever thought． When he finished reading， Ronny closed his book and said， \． \

At that moment， I knew I should do what an author（作家） had done﹣care children and make them excellent．

（1）The writer found that there was something wrong with Ronny's ． A． eyes B． talent

C． pronunciation D． fingers （2）The writer praised Ronny at the end of the school year because in the class．

A． he tried to do better

B． he could read the alphabet best C． he was above the level of grade D． he did as well as the other students

（3）The underlined phrase \back （tears）\the fifth paragraph means ．

A． beginning to cry silently B． turning back to cry loudly C． being filled with sad tears

D． trying hold not to show the feeling

（4）The writer was moved so deeply that she wanted to ． A． help more children become successful B． take care of Ronny all the time

C． teach children in the school as a teacher D． write more novels for children

（5）Choose the main idea of this article．

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A． Many children aren't cared in some schools． B． Children should be encouraged in their study．

C． Most children like to read if they have good books．

D． All the authors can be good teachers in primary schools．

55． At 8，844.43 meters high， Mount Qomolangma is the tallest mountain on Earth． While it is famous for its beautiful views，parts of the mountain are facing a problem： rubbish． Every year， thousands of visitors throw away tons of rubbish， such as bottles and plastic bags．

According to the UN，over 140 tons of rubbish has been left on the mountain． To reduce rubbish， China is limiting （限制）the number ofpeople who are allowed to climb up the north side of the mountain．Only 300 people will be allowed to climb it， and only during spring．

Local people cleaned the mountain last year，removing rubbish at a height of 5，200 meters．They collected about 8.4 metric tons（公吨） of rubbish． This year， the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan on a new clean﹣up activity． The local government is also setting up stations to sort （分类）， recycle and break down rubbish collected from the mountain． A group of artists will also try to turn the rubbish into art works． They will show these works of art to remind people not to leave rubbish when climbing the mountain．

（1）What problem are parts of Mount Qomolangma facing？ A．Air pollution． B．Rubbish． C．Noise．

D．Water pollution．

（2）How many people will be allowed to climb up the north side of the mountain during spring？ A.140． B.5，200． C.4 million． D.300．

（3）The underlined word \ ． A．using up

B．making better C．putting on D．taking away

（4）The artists will show their art works in order to ． A．teach people to make works of art

B．help people to know about Qomolangma C．encourage people to clean up Qomolangma

D．remind people not to throw rubbish on Qomolangma （5）What kind of writing is this？ A．A notice． B．News．

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C．A story．

D．An advertisement．

56．（2019?北京）

How Much Can We Afford to Forget？

In 2018， Science magazine asked some young scientists what schools should teach students． Most said students should spend less time memorizing facts and have more space for creative activities． As the Internet grows more powerful， students can access （获得） knowledge easily． Why should they be required to carry so much of it around in their heads？

Civilizations（文明）develop through forgetting life skills that were once necessary． In the Agricultural（农业的）Age， a farmer could afford to forget hunting skills． When societies industrialized， the knowledge of farming could be safe to forget． Nowadays， smart machines give us access to most human knowledge． It seems that we no longer need to remember most things． Does it matter？

Researchers have recognized several problems that may happen． For one，human beings have biases（偏见），and smart machines are likely to increase our biases． Many people believe smart machines are necessarily correct and objective，but machines are trained through a repeated testing and scoring process．In the process， human beings still decide on the correct answers． Another problem relates to the ease of accessing information． When there were no computers， efforts were required to get knowledge from other people， or go to the library． We know what knowledge lies in other brains or books， and what lies in our heads． But today， the Internet gives us the information we need quickly． This can lead to the mistaken belief﹣the knowledge we found was part of what we knew all along．

In a new civilization rich in machine intelligence， we have easy access to smart memory networks where information is stored． But dependency on a network suggests possibilities of being harmed easily． The collapse of any of the networks of relations our well﹣being（健康）depends upon， such as food and energy， would produce terrible results． Without food we get hungry； without energy we feel cold．And it is through widespread loss of memory that civilizations are at risk of falling into a dark age．

We forget old ways to free up time and space for new skills．As long as the older forms of knowledge are stored somewhere in our networks， and can be

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