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promotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. o improve naturalresources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve theparty's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests growemployers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat 2016年上半年中小学教师资格考试教育教学知识与能力试题(小学)
一、单项选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)
在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的，请用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑。错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.“近朱者赤，近墨者黑”说明在人的身心发展中起决定作用的因素是（ ）
A.遗传 B.环境 C.个性差异 D.个人努力 2.教育史上传统教育派与现代教育派的代表人物分别是（ ）
A.夸美纽斯和布鲁纳 B.夸美纽斯和杜威 C.赫尔巴特和布鲁纳 D.赫尔巴特和杜威
3.小林又一次偷拿水果摊上的苹果被老师叫到了办公室，老师批评他：“为什么总是拿别人的东西？”小林低着头回答：“我也知道不对，就是有时忍不住。”这说明小林缺乏（ ）
A.道德认识教育 B.道德情感教育 C.道德意志教育 D.道德行为教育 4.我国制度化学校教育体系包括（ ）
①幼儿教育 ② 初等教育 ③中等教育 ④成人教育 ⑤高等教育 A. ①②③④ B. ①②③⑤ C. ①②④⑤ D. ②③④⑤ 5.与学校教育相比，家庭教育的特点主要表现在（ ）
A.生活性 B.计划性 C.组织性 D.系统性
6.有目的有计划地对事物或现象进行获取资料的研究方法是（ ）
A.历史法 B.问卷法 C.观察法 D.文献法 7.儿童出现眼睛干涩和夜盲症主要可能是缺乏（ ）
A.维生素A B.维生素B C.维生素C D.维生素D 8.当你注视面前这个棱台框架时，一会儿觉得小方框平面位于大方块平面的前方，一会儿觉得位于大方框平面的后方，这种注意反复变化的现象属于（ ）
A.注意分散 B.注意起伏 C.注意分配 D.注意转移
9.教师可以通过观察学生的言行举止来了解学生的内心世界，这说明思维具有（ ）
A.间接性 B.概括性 C.理解性 D.整体性
10.不受外界环境影响，常用自己的内在标准判断客观事物的人，其认知方式属于（ ）
A.独立型 B.依赖型 C.整体型 D.系统型
11.将强化分为直接强化、替代强化和自我强化的心理学家是（ ）
A.罗杰斯 B.布鲁纳 C.班杜拉 D.桑代克
12.小英到医院打针以后再遇到穿白大褂的人就会害怕，这种心理现象是（ ）
A.内化 B.泛化 C.焦虑 D.移情
13.按照美国学者古德莱德的课程层次理论，教师在课堂中实施的课程属于（ ）
A.理想的课程 B.正式的课程 C.领悟的课程 D.运作的课程 14.荀子在《劝学》篇中指出：“不积跬步无以至千里，不积小流无以成江海。”这句话所蕴含的教学原则是（ ）
A.循序渐进原则 B.因材施教原则 C.启发引导原则 D.直观性原则
15.在教学《长方形和正方形周长》时，张老师将能够正确计算长方形和正方形的周长，拟定为教学目标之一，该目标属于（ ）
A.指示性目标 B.过程性目标 C.技能性目标 D.情感性目标 16.按照由易到难，由简到繁的顺序编排课程内容，这种组织方式属于（ ）
Obviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the \cles\ng point, starting from the Central Government's self-restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre, through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the \o Ze-Dong's historical cycle of\ofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the \nt\ow profile shadow began to gradually plan development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release \n does not speak of\cal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ...Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysispromotion of employment, form a reasonable and orderly pattern of income distribution, build a more fair and sustainable social security systems, medical and health system reform. The plenary, innovation of social governance, must focus on the maintenance of fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people, maximize factors, enhance social development, improving social governance, the interests of national security, ensure that the people live and work, social stability and order. o improve social governance, stimulating social organization, innovative and effective system of preventing and resolving social conflicts, improving the public security system, set up the National Security Council, national security systems and national security strategy to ensure national security. Plenary session, the construction of ecological civilization, you must establish systems of ecological system, using the system to protect the ecological environment. o improve naturalresources asset property right system and use control, red line of delimitation of ecological protection, resources paid use system and ecological compensation system in ecological environment protection management system reform. Plenary session, centering on building a listening party command, can win and having a fine style of the people's army, a strong army under the new situation of the party Goals, restricting the development of national defense and army building is solved outstanding contradictions and problems, innovation and development of military theory, enhance military strategic guidance, improve the military strategy in the new period, building a modern military force system with Chinese characteristics. o deepen the adjustment of personnel system reform in the army, military policy and system reform, promote the development of military and civilian integration depth. Plenary session stressed that comprehensive reform must be to strengthen and improve theparty's leadership, give full play to the core role of the party commands the overall situation and coordinating all parties, improving the party's leading water ... Margin. Challenged the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought by Deng Xiao-ping's flag, replaced by three representatives and the harmonic society. The former Communist Party spirit and social cohesion point of almost all political makeover. Characteristics of socialism public ownership is shifting to private ownership, planned regulation and market regulation, the proletarian regime controlled by the elite. Of universal equality, fairness and basic principles of distribution system is socialist society, however after economic monopolized by powerful, vested interests growemployers do not have the same status, hardly seems fair social distribution. State key protection of capital interests rather than the interests of citizens, had been hits the bottom of the proletariat A.横向组织 B.水平组织 C.纵向组织 D.综合组织
17.体现国家对学校的统一要求，作为学校办学的基本纲领和重要依据的是（ ）
A.课程计划 B.课程标准 C.教学大纲 D.教学目标
18.小学科学课上，教师指导学生通过显微镜观察植物的内部结构，获得有关植物的知识，这种教学方法属于（ ）
A.参观法 B.实验法 C.演示法 D.实习法
19.新学期第一堂体育课，张老师对学生进行体能测试，以作为分组教学的依据，这种教学评价属于（ ）
A.过程性评价 B.总结性评价 C.诊断性评价 D.个体内差异评价 20.根据《基础教育课程改革刚要（试行）》的要求，我国小现阶段既开设语文、数学英语等学科课程，也开设科学、艺术等综合课程，这体现了课程结构具有（ ）
A.综合性 B.均衡性 C.选择性 D.时代性
参考答案
BDCBA CABAA CBDAC CABCA
Obviously, face China's Socialist system, the Communist Party is not the party. In that case, political chaos has been very tight. Is remodeling or reconstruction, is a correction or a stove. Whether to turn right or left, is back to the source or put forward new political ideas. This is to determine the road problems in China, is also the key out of the deep water of the reform of the economic system. After 18, the new Central collective leadership attaches great importance to political orientation. First, the \cles\ng point, starting from the Central Government's self-restraint, which preaches and pro-image, brought fresh feeling to the community. Secondly, before reform and opening up and reform and opening two periods after non-negative, untying the tangle of the society a long time on this issue. Third, a new generation of party leaders on various occasions to Mao Ze-Dong and Mao Ze-Dong's thought of evaluation has room for manoeuvre, through to the ruling ideology of Mao Zedong thought, is the call of the soul to the Socialist Revolution and construction. Empty talks jeopardize national interests and try again, is an affirmation of Deng Xiao-ping's reform ideas. These strong political signal showing a new generation of political leaders is still keeping to the Socialist road. Four is revisiting the \o Ze-Dong's historical cycle of\ofile anti-corruption and the importance of the Constitution, reorganization is bad style of officialdom, was to civilize people obey the law, while improving the color change of the regime of vigilance. Five is to reform into deeper waters and stressed that top-level design, this is a review on the reform and opening up in the past, is also looking for a way out. Six foreign and Russia closer, the flexible attitude on the issue of the Korean peninsula, Sino-Japanese fishing hardline China on the island out of the \nt\ow profile shadow began to gradually plan development. Signs show that the new leadership began to make a left turn in politics. However, as of right now, not only ideological confusion in the community, the new leadership's thinking is messy. New leaders both stressed the need to implement the Constitution, stressed the need to turn off the power in a cage. Also stresses that Mao Zedong thought cannot be lost, 30 years after the reform and opening up 30 years ago can not deny each other. Both advocate democracy and release \n does not speak of\cal constraints. Neither deny the history of the CPC Central Committee on several issues ... Comrades: today brings together members, mainly in order to provide a platform to Exchange and learn from each other in order to facilitate our work. Just now, we focus on taxation, planning and stability, safety, project construction, typical topics such as private facts presentation and interaction, and towns currently exist in the in-depth analysis of the problems to be solved, to explore new methods to solve the problem. It can be said that summing up the achievement, no grandstanding; analysis