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Test One

Passage one Let’s Go Bats Wildlife—animals—mammal; Vision—visual—see;

In the absence of –without—lack/devoid/scarcity—no; Rely on—depend on—count on; Other than –besides—apart from Ancient—early Avoid—escape Extinction—die out

Survive—subsist—live—exist

Particular—specific—especial—certain—the details; Understanding---comprehend—knowledge; Similar to –like;

Limb—legs and arms;

Perceive—sense—feel—aware—conscious—realize—find; measure—calculate;

dectect—find out—search out ;

device—equipment—machine—appliance—instrument; invent—fabricate (虚构，捏造)； underlying –base;

coin—refer to—label—name—call—describe;

Passage two Making Every Drop Count Supply—provide/provision—offer Ancient—empire—historical

Global—worldwide—international;

Ecosystem—environmental—surrounding;

Effect—consequence—result—influence—impact Shift—change—revise;

Call for—require—request—need—demand;

Downward trend—decrease—decline—not rising—fall

Unexpectedly—surprisingly—incredible/unbelievable/inconceivable; Passage three Education Psyche

Test Two

Passage One Why Pagodas don’t Fall Down

Absorb—allow—accept—agree—adapt—adjust(调整，适应，不冲突) Interior—inner—inside; Observateion—watch;

Religon/religious—Buddh—Orthodox—Christian--Muslim; Floor—groud; Floor—storey

Dynamics—movement/pressure/force;

Constrain ..from…--keep..from..—prevent..from..—stop..from… Passage Two The True Cost of Food Purify—clean—remove bad things from ; domestic—home—local—native; company—business—firm—corporation—business group/organ/body;

Unstoppable –proceeding—development—advance ; hidden—unseen—invisible—not appear; Water source—lakes; chemicals—fertilizer/insecticide/pesticide ;

Declining—vanish—disappear—tend to extinct/die out; deteriorate—worsen—aggravate;

Financial—economic—cost/price/overhead/expense/expenditure--revenue/income/turnover/profit/ allowance/bonus/incentive/prizefund/funded/subsidy/subsidize—---money/moneytary;

Damgage—destroy—abolish/demolish—ruin—break—undermine—treat/treaten—endanger— jeapodize—hazard—do harm to—be baneful/detrimental/harmful to ;

recognize—accept—admit—confess—acknowledge—affirm—certify—assure—ascertain; externality—except/but—exclude/exclusive—other than—outside; calculate—count—measure;

illness/sickness—ailment—disease—suffering—pain/ache—disorder—health risk--physical problem—complaint—―—ia: myopia; diarrhea; insomnia‖;

food cost—food bill; threehold/twice/double/multiply/times—more than/higer than;

adapt to –get used to—be accustomed to—be in harmoy with—be in concord with—be in concert/compatibility with;

distance—limit—gap—jump—obstacle—wall—bar—unable/inablility—the lack/scarcity/deficienty/shortage/devoid ;

refer to –be called/named/described—denote—quotate—adrress—entitle;

change—shift—revise—reform/transform/renew/refine(―re‖/‖trans‖: 多为变化，转变，转移)；

passage three : MIRTP virtually—acturally—in fact/in effect/in reality—as a matter of fact—exactly/definitely/absolutely;

initial—original---beginning—introductory—commencing—formative—new—first—novel; government—authority—official—rules/regulation/law/policy;

potential—would-be—imminent—coming--future—will/be about to do/be to do/ be going to do—plan/decide/hope/intend/attempt—trend/tendency; currently—presently—now—existing;

prior to—before—ahead of—in advance—in front of ;

inaccessible—isolate/seclude/estrange/alienate—unapproachable; consist of –be made up of—compose/comprise/constitute;

survey—reserch—investigate—study—probe—statistics/data/project/program—findings; local area—immediate area; building—construct—erect—set up;

hinder—impede—stop—slow down—break down—decelerate—bar—halt—get in the way; local people—resident—inhabitant—dweller—citizen—native; request—require—ask—demand—petition; buy/purchase—sell; give/provide/offer/supply—get/obtain/acquire; charge—pay; die/extinct—survive/live/exist; accessibility—isolation/gap; carry out—implement –adopt—employ;

Test Three

Passage One : Ant Intelligence

Communicate—socialize—interact; channels—method—way—means—approach; City—urban;

force—encourage—stimulate—motivate—promote—propel—catalyse—trigger—bring about/result in/contribute to ;

Find one’s way—navigate/march/proceed/ walk forward;

Smell—odour—frangrance/aroma—stink; unwanted—waste—useless/worthless/valueless; Exchange a with b—share a with b ; Sustain—maintain—hold/keep/remain;

Affect—have a negative influence/effect/impact on –ruin/damage/destroy;

Passage Two: Population Movements and Genetics Distribution—allocation—location;

Early—original/origin—source—starting/beginging/commencing—introductory—long-standing; Compare/contrast A with B—measure the relationship/similarity/distinction between A and B; Results—findings—conclusions—consequence—effects; Gene—genetics—geneticist; Far—futher –deeper—profound;

Dental—dentist—tooth/teeth; language---linguist Confine—limit—restrict—constrain—restrain; Discard—abandon—forsake—exclude;

Transcend—exceed—surpass—beyond—breakthrough Recognize—acknowledge—accept—admit—confess; Natural—primary---primitive—orginal—initial ; Exist—survive—remain;

Frontier—terriory—boundary—domain—realm—area—range—field—region; Policy—decision—declaration—proclamation—attitude—conclusion—concensus; Surveilance—watch—observe—guard—supervise—oversee—censor; Decline—decrease—reduce—loss—recession—recede; Preserve—protect—conserve—maintain—roof—shield; Be generally available—be shared/exposed;

Harmonize—coordinate –concert—cohere wih—rapport;

Test 4

Passage one: Pulling Strings to Build Pyramid Tens of thousands of—large numbers of ;

People---er; or; ee; ian; ant; ent; ist; eer; ate; ary; Convince—make..believe—persuade;

Previous—initial ;

Heavy—massive—weight;

Possible—perhaps—maybe—likely—could have done/could do; might do; Grand—massive—colossal—mighty;

Harness—use—taek the advantage of –employ—adopt—apply; Resemble—like; similar;

Develop—produce—invent—work out—figure out—find out—discover; Send—deliver—-transmit;

Weapons—pistol—gun—rifle—bomb—war/battle/fight—sword/spear—military; army; troop; navy;

Passage Two: Endless Harvest

Inhabitant—resident—dweller—citizen;

Aborginal(原住民，土著民)—native—migrant/immigrant(移民) ; The soul/heart/core of ….—rely on; depend on; Exceed/excess—more than/over;

Crash---sharp decrease/decline—collapse;

Spawn—massive production—augment—surge—exporsion—proliferate; Halt—stop—forbid—prohibit;

Prosper—boom—flourish—blossom/bloom—successful; Subsistence—survival /living/daily necessity; Permission—allow;

Display—show—reveal—demonstrage—illustrate—label--manifest;

Passage Three Effects on Noise be capable of –be able ;

interfere with—intervene with—disturb—bother—distract—interrupt; unpredictable—unexpected—sudden—unforeseen; the same—equal ;

fatigue—exhaustion—tire—weary—worn out; mistake—error;

overstate—exaggerate—amplify—enlarge—overestimate;

其他：

enhance—strengthen—consolidate—improve—develop stimulate—arouse—motivate—propel—accelerate inadequate—lack—shortage—devoid