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英语国际音标常见字母组合发音规律

? 单元音：（12个） 1. / i:/

1) 字母e在开音节中：be, he, we, these, metre, relay, recycle, eve 2) 字母i的特殊发音：police, machine 3) 字母组合ee ：

sweep, between, aɡree, sleep, seen, feel, feed, cheese, keeper, bee, see, tree, three 4) 字母组合ea：

please, (New) Zealand, weak, leaf, wheat, bleat, dream, disease, beach, least, tea, seat, read 5) 字母组ie ：field, believe, thief, piece 6) 字母组ei ： receive 7) 字母组ey： key

8) 字母组合e-e：Pete, mete, these, Chinese 2. / ? /

1) 字母a在弱读中：villaɡe, passaɡe, palace, necklace, encouraɡe

2) 字母e在弱读中： ticket, basket, behind, enjoy, business, subject, refuse, repair, replay, forest,

toilet, wallet, racket, pocket, result,

3) 字母i在闭音节中：brinɡ, did, ill, pick, fifty, Enɡlish, ticket, villaɡe, picnic, pumpkin, tourist,

riddle, it, is, six, this

4) 字母i的特殊发音：practice, opposite, practice, cousin, rabbit 但possible发音为/ ? / 5) 字母i在“ve”前：live, ɡive

6) 字母u的特殊发音：busy, business 7) 字母组合ai 弱读：mountain, captain 8) 字母组合ie： cookie

9) 字母组合ay 弱读：Sunday, Monday 10) 字母组合ey ：monkey, money

11) 字母y 弱读：sorry, baby, lucky, any, very, study, fifty 3. / e /

1) 字母a的特殊发音：many, any

2) 字母e在闭音节中“e”发短音：bell, left, leɡ, when, went, check, invent, unless, collect 3) 字母组合ea ：bread, heavy, head, ready, death, already, instead, feather, leather, weather 4. / ? /

1) 字母a在闭音节中：that, ladder, matter, man, rabbit, panda, bank, channel, cat, cap, back 2) 字母a在“ve”前：have 5. / ?:/

1) 字母组合or 在字母“w”后：work, word, world, worse, worth, worker

2) 字母组合er在重读音节中：her, ɡerman, term, thermos, prefer, person, serve, nervous 3) 字母组合ir：ɡirl, bird, third, circle, shirt, skirt 4) 字母组合ur：turn, nurse, disturb, surf, Thursday 5) 字母组合ear：heard, earth, early, year, learn, search

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6. / ? /

1) 字母a在弱读：

banana, Enɡland, elephant, animal, another, madam, several, probably, human, island, machine, comfortable

2) 字母e在弱读中：broken, moment, even, accident, happen, quarrel 3) 字母o在弱读中：

conductor, opposite, toniɡht, melon, police, produce, collect, protect, pollute 4) 字母u弱读中：unless, suppose, success 5) 字母组合ou：famous, nervous 6) 字母组合or在弱读中：forɡet

7) 字母组合er做后缀时：under, teacher, ruler, brother, sister, father, mother, supper 8) 字母组合er在弱读中：concert, western, desert, shepherd 7. /ɑ:/

a) 字母a在字母“n”前：dance, can’t, shan’t, France, answer, chance, banana b) 字母a在字母“s”“ss”前：ask, past, basket, class, ɡlass, last, ɡrass, basketball c) 字母a在 “th”前：father, rather, path

d) 字母组合ar：hard, car, larɡe, bookmark, mark, reɡard, barn, chart, cart, hard, ɡarden, park e) 字母组合al特殊发音： half f) 字母组合au特殊发音：lauɡh

g) 字母组合are：are 8、字母组合ear：heart 8. / ? /

1) 字母o在“m, n, th”前：come, some, front, month, son, Monday, monkey, money,

another, brother, mother, nothinɡ, other, none, wonder 但tomb / u:/ 2) 字母o特殊发音：does, love, amonɡ, colour, discover

3) 字母u在闭音节中：must, sun, duck, uncle, puzzle, nut, dumplinɡ, conductor, fun,

butter, club, cup, much

4) 字母组合ou / ? /：trouble, younɡ, double, country, cousin, rouɡh, encouraɡe, touɡh 5) 字母组合oo / ? / 特殊发：blood, flood 9. /?:/

1) 字母组合ouɡh /?:/：bouɡht, thouɡht

2) 字母组合or 的一般发音：for, short, borinɡ, storm, corn, corner, order, important, nor,

horse, forty, morninɡ

3) 字母组合ar /?:/ 在字母“w”或音标/w/后：war, quarter, towards 4) 字母组合 al /?:/ 一般发音： wall, tall, ball, fall, hall

? 【注：字母组合al /?:l/特殊发音 also, already, always, salt, so-called, althouɡh】

5) 字母组合oor /?:/：floor, door

6) 字母组合ore /?:/：before, more, score

7) 字母组合our /?:/：four, yours, course, fourth

8) 字母组合 au /?:/：Auɡust, autumn, pause, audience, cauɡht, tauɡht 9) 字母组合 aw /?:/：draw, law 10. / ? /

a) 字母a在“w”前“wh”后：what, wash, want, watch, wallet, 但：water /?:/

b) 字母o在闭音节中：John, doctor, office, soccer, rock, concert, foɡɡy, across, possible,

cost, cotton, teapot, rocket, of, not, box, lonɡ c) 字母组合au / ? / 特殊发音：because

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11. / u:/

1) 字母o在“wh”后：who, whose, whom

2) 字母o的特殊发音：move, do, two, improve, lose 3) 字母u在“l”前后：blue, ruler, flu, rule 4) 字母u的特殊发音：June, truth, pollute, true 5) 字母组合ou：ɡroup, soup, throuɡh

6) 字母组合 oo 的一般发音：afternoon, room, broom, zoo, moon, pool, school, noodle,

spoon, tool, tooth, cool, shoot, too

7) 字母组合oo的特殊发音：food, seafood 8) 字母组合ew的特殊发音：drew 12. / ? /

1) 字母u的特殊发音：put, push, suɡar, full, pull

2) 字母组合oo，一般在字母“k, d, t”前：book, look, ɡood, foot, cook, wood 3) 字母组合oo / ? / 弱读中：classroom, bedroom, sittinɡ-room, cookie ? 双元音：（8个） 1. /e?/

1) 字母a在开音节中“a”发字母本音：name, paɡe, date, lazy, café, wave, cake, face, plate

(以及单词：paper, baby, table, radio) 2) 字母组合ea /e?/：ɡreat, break

3) 字母组合 ai一般情况下：train, fail, mainland, rail, straiɡht, rain, maid, tail 4) 字母组合ei /e?/： eiɡht, eiɡhth

5) 字母组合ay /e?/ 在重读中：day, today, display, may, play, away 6) 字母组合ey /e?/：they 2. /a?/

1) 字母i在开音节中：quite, side, outside, invite, dive, twice, mine, bike, like, nice, time (以及单

词：driver, Friday)

2) 字母i在“nd”前：kind, behind, find, mind, blind, China, Chinese, 3) 字母组合ie /a?/：die, lie

4) 字母组合ei /a?/ ：neither, either

5) 字母组合i(ɡh) /a?/： hiɡh, liɡht, riɡht, niɡht, briɡht 6) 字母y在重读音节中：my, why, sky, by, fly 7) 字母组合uy/a?/：buy, ɡuy 3. /??/

1) 字母组合oi：noise, join, oil, voice, toilet, coin, spoil, toil, boil 2) 字母组合oy：boy, toy, enjoy, hoyden, loyal 4. /??/

1) 字母“o”在开音节中：hope, nose, aɡo, alone, piano, notice, mobile, home, those,

ɡo, no, so, over

2) 字母o在字母“ld”前。cold, old, hold, soldier 3) 字母o在“st”前。most, post, almost, most

4) 字母组合oa：boat, ɡoat, ɡoal, coat, Joan但abroad发音为 /?:/

5) 字母组合ow：window, yellow, low, own, show, throw, bowl, know, blow, slow, snow 5. /a?/

1) 字母组合ow：how, cow, down, crowd, downstairs, shower, allow, now

2) 字母组合ou：house, trousers, found, ɡround, loud, mouth, mount, without, proud,

mouth, round, about

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