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射频微带阵列天线设计

摘要

微带天线是一种具有体积小、重量轻、剖面低、易于载体共形、易于与微波集成电路一起集成等诸多优点的天线形式，目前已在无线通信、遥感、雷达等诸多领域得到了广泛应用。同时研究也发现由于微带天线其自身结构特点，存在一些缺点，例如频带窄、增益低、方向性差等。通常将若干单个微带天线单元按照一定规律排列起来组成微带阵列天线，来增强天线的方向性，提高天线的增益。

本文在学习微带天线和天线阵的原理和基本理论，加以分析，利用Ansoft 公司的高频电磁场仿真软件HFSS，设计了中心频率在10GHz的4元均匀直线微带阵列，优化和调整了相关参数，然后分别对单个阵元和天线阵进行仿真，对仿真结果进行分析，对比两者在相关参数的差异。最后得到的研究结果表明，微带天线阵列相较于单个微带天线，由于阵元间存在互耦效应以及存在馈电网络的影响，微带阵列天线的回波损耗要大于单个阵元。但是天线阵列增益明显大于单个微带天线，且阵列天线比单个阵元具有更好的方向性。

关键词：微带天线 微带阵列天线 方向性 增益 HFSS仿真

Design of Radio-Frequency Microstrip

Array Antenna

ABSTRACT

Microstrip antenna is a kind of antenna form with many advantages like,small size, light weight, low profile, easy-to-carrier conformal, easy integration with many other of microwave integrated circuits and so on. Now microstrip array have been wildly applied in the filed of wireless

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communications, remote sensing and radar,and many other filed. While some study also found that because of the microstrip antenna’s structural characteristics, there are some disadvantages, such as narrow-band, low gain,poor directivity.Typically we use microstrip antenna elements arranged in accordance with certain laws together to form a microstrip array antenna to enhance the directivity and improve the gain of the antenna.

In this paper, after learning the basic theory and principles about microstrip antenna and antenna array, I designed two kind of antenna models with 10GHz of center frequency,one is the single antenna,the other one is an antenna array with 4 single antenna .Then using Ansoft's high frequency electromagnetic simulation software HFSS, optimize and adjust the relevant parameters .After that, we used the HFSS to simulate the single array element and an antenna array separately.Then analyzed the simulation results, compared to the difference in the relevant parameters. The resulting suggested that because of the presence of mutual coupling effects and the impact of the presence of the feed network between the pickets, the return loss of microstrip antenna array is greater than the single microstrip antenna array, but antenna gain is significantly larger than a single array antenna, and the antenna array has a better directivity than the single microstrip antenna.

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Key words: Microstrip Array Microstrip Array Antenna Directivity

Gain HFSS Simulation

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