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72．（1）在不同种类的货物按一个保险价值保险之场合，该价值必须根据不同货物本身的保险价值的比例进行分配，如同不定值保险单的情况一样。一种货物的任何部分保险价值是该货物全部保险价值中占该部分货物价值同全部保险价值的比例部分。两种情况下保险价值均按本法规定确定。

（2）在某个价值不得不分配，但又不能确定货物的每个单独种类的原始成本、质量或细节之情况下，可以根据不同种类、质量或细节的货物的到港完好净值进行划分。

第73条共同海损分摊和救助费用（General average contributions and salvage charges）

73（1）Subject to any express provision in the policy, where the assured has paid, or is liable for, any general average contribution, the measure of indemnity is the full amount of such contribution, if the subject matter liable to contribution is insured for its full contributory value; but, if such subject-matter be not insured for its full contributory value, or if only part of it be insured, the indemnity payable by the insurer must be reduced in proportion to the under insurance, and where there has been a particular average loss which constitutes a deduction from the contributory value, and for which the insurer is liable, that amount must be deducted from the insured value in order to ascertain what the insurer is liable to contribute.

（2）Where the insurer is liable for salvage charges the extent of his liability must be determined on the like principle.

73.（1）除保单另有规定外，如果被保险人已经给付或有责任给付任何共同海损分摊，其赔偿限额为：如果负责分摊的标的物是按分摊价值足额投保的话，应按共同海损分摊全额赔付；如果该标的物未按分摊价值足额投保或只投保了一部分，保险人应支付的赔偿额必须按不足额保险比例减少，而且如果发生了应从分摊价值内扣掉的单独海损损失，且保险人对此负有赔偿责任，则应从保险价值中先予扣除，以便确定保险人应承担的分摊额。

(2) 在保险人应负责救助费用的情况下，其责任范围必须按相似的原则确定。

第74条对第三方的责任（Liabilities to third parties）

74．Where the assured has effected an insurance in express terms against any liability to a third party, the measure of indemnify, subject to any express provision in the policy, is the amount paid or payable by him to such third party in respect of such liability.

74．被保险人已通过明示条款对第三方的任何责任进行投保，根据保险单上明示条款的规定，获得补偿的数额是其就这一责任向第三方支付或应支付的数额。

第75条关于赔偿限额的一般规定（General provisions as to measure of indemnity）

75（1）Where there has been a loss in respect of any subject-matter not expressly provided for in the foregoing provisions of the Act, the measure of indemnity shall be ascertained, as nearly as may be, in accidence with those provisions, in so far as applicable to the particular case. （2） Nothing in the provisions of this Act relating to the measure of indemnity shall affect the rules relating to double insurance, or prohibit the insurer from disproving interest wholly or in part, or from showing that at the time of the loss the whole or any part of the subject-matter insured was not at risk under the policy.

75.（1）本法前文未予明文规定的保险标的发生损失的，应当依据与该具体情形的适用最相近似的条款来确定赔偿范围。

(2) 本法有关计算方法的规定，对有关重复保险的规则没有任何影响，并且不阻止保险

人全部或部分否定利益的存在，不阻止保险人表明在发生损失时，保险标的的全部或一部分并不处于保险单项下所列的危险之中。

第76条单独海损保证（Particular average warranties）

76. (1) Where the subject-matter insured is warranted free from particular average, the assured cannot recover for a loss of part, other than a loss incurred by a general average sacrifice, unless the contract contained in the policy be apportionable; but, if the contract be apportionable, the assured may recover for a total loss of any apportionablepart.

(2) Where the subject-matter insured is warranted free from particular average, either wholly or under a certain percentage, the insurer is nevertheless liable for salvage charges, and for particular charges and other expenses properly incurred pursuant to the provisions of the suing and labouring clause in order to avert a loss insured against.

(3) Unless the policy otherwise provides, where the subject-matter insured is warranted free from particular average under a specified percentage, a general average loss cannot be added to a particular average loss to make up the specified percentage.

(4) For the purpose of ascertaining whether the specified percentage has been reached, regard shall be had only to the actual loss suffered by the subject-matter insured. Particular charges and the expenses of and incidental to ascertaining and proving the loss must be excluded.

76（1）如果保险标的按不赔单独海损条款投保，除非保险合同是可分割的，被保险人所遭受的部分损失不能获得赔偿，但属共同海损牺牲的损失可获赔偿；若保险合同是可分割的，被保险人就任何可分割部分的全损可获赔偿。

（2）假如保险标的按不赔单独海损条款投保，无论是全部单损还是一定比例以下的不赔单独海损，保险人都承担救助费用和根据施救条款为避免可保损失而合理发生的特殊费用和其他费用。

（3）若保险标的按一定比例以下的不赔单独海损条款投保，共同海损损失不得加入单独海损中以求达到该规定比例，除非保险单另有约定。

（4）确定规定的单独海损比例是否达到时，只应考虑保险标的遭受的实际损失，特别费用和有关确定、证明损失的费用必须排除。

第77条连续损失（Successive losses）

77.（1）Unless the policy otherwise provides, and subject to the provisions of this Act, the insurer is liable for successive losses, even though the total amount of such losses may exceed the sum insured. （2）Where under the same policy, a partial loss, which has not been repaired or otherwise made good, is followed by a total loss, the assured can only recover in respect of the total loss:

Provided that nothing in this section shall affect the liability of the insurer under the suing and labouring clause.”

77.（1）除保险单和本法另有规定外，保险人应对连续损失负责，即使这些损失的总额会超过保险金额。

（2）在同一保险单项下，部分损失未经修理或以其它方式回复，接着又发生全损的，被保险人只能就该全损获得赔偿：

但是，本款规定不应影响保险人根据施救条款所承担的责任。

第78条施救条款（Suing and labouring clause）

78.(1）Where the policy contains a suing and labouring clause, the engagement thereby entered into is deemed to be supplementary to the contract of insurance, and the assured may recover from the insurer any expenses properly incurred pursuant to the clause, notwithstanding that the insurer may have paid for a total loss, or that the subject matter may have been warranted free from particular average, either wholly or under a certain percentage. （2）General average losses and contributions and salvage charges, as defined by this Act, are not recoverable under the suing and labouringclause.

（3）Expenses incurred for the purpose of averting or diminishing any loss not covered by the policy are not recoverable under the suing and labouring clause.

（4）It is the duty of the assured and his agents, in all cases, to take such measures as may be reasonable for the purpose of averting or minimizing a loss.

78.(1)若保险合同中含有施救条款，则该项约定应视为对保险合同的补充。被保险人得因履行该条款所产生的一切合理费用，向保险人请求赔偿，即使保险人已经赔付全损，或者该保险标的已经订明单独海损之全部或一定的百分比以下不赔，亦不影响该项费用之赔偿。 (2)本法规定之共同海损损害及其分摊，或救助费用，均不得依据施救条款之规定获得赔偿。 (3)为避免或减少承保范围以外的损失所产生的费用，也不得依据施救条款之规定获得赔偿。 （4）被保险人或其代理人在任何情形下，均应采取一切合理措施防止或减少损失。

理赔后保险人的权利（Rights of Insurer on Payment）

第79条代位权（Right of subrogation）

79.(1) Where the insurer pays for a total loss, either of the whole, or in the case of goods of any apportionable part, of the subject-matter insured, he thereupon becomes entitled to take over the interest of the assured in whatever may remain of the subject-matter so paid for, and he is thereby subrogated to all the fights and remedies of the assured in and in respect of that subject-matter as from the time of the casualty.

(2) subject to the foregoing provisions, where the insurer pays for a partial loss, he acquires no title to the subject-matter insured, or such part of it as may remain, but he is thereupon subrogated to all rights and remedies of the assured in and in respect of the subject-matter insured as from the time of the casualty causing the loss, in so far as the assured has been indemnified, according to this Act, by such payment for the loss.

79. (1) 保险人赔付保险标的全损之后，不论赔付的是整体全损，还是货物的可分割部分的全损，均有权接管被保险人在该已赔付保险标的上可能留下的任何利益，并从造成保险标的损失的事故发生之时起，取得被保险人在该保险标的上的一切权利和救济。

(2)受前述各条款制约，在保险人赔偿部分损失之场合，他并不取得该项保险标的或其存留部分的所有权，但是，根据本法，通过赔付此种损失，自造成损失的事故发生之时起，保险人代位取得被保险人对保险标的的一切权利和救济，但以被保险人已获赔偿额为限。”

第80条分摊的权利（Right of contribution）

80.(1) Where the assured is over-insured by double insurance, such insurer is bound, as between himself and the other insurers, to contribute ratably to the loss in proportion to the amount for which he is liable under his contract.

(2) If any insurer pays more than his proportion of the loss, he is entitled to maintain an

action for contribution against the other insurers, and is entitled to the like remedies as a surety who has paid more than his proportion of the debt.

80.(1)在被保险人因重复保险而造成超额保险之场合，各保险人相互之间有义务按其合同负责的数额比例分摊损失。

（2）任何保险人如已赔付了超过其应摊比例的损失，有权向其他保险人追偿摊回，并有权像已支付超过其债务比例的保证人那样，取得同样的救济。

第81条不足额保险的后果（Effect of under-insurance）

81.Where the assured is insured for an amount less than the insurable value or, in the case of a valued policy, for an amount less than the policy valuation, he is deemed to be his own insurer in respect of the uninsured balance.

81.在本保险投保金额少于其可保价值，或在定值保险单中，投保的金额少于保险单价值之场合，就有关该未保险余额，他应视为是他自已的保险人。

保险费的退费（Return of Premium） 第82条退费（Enforcement of return）

82.Where the premium, or a proportionate part thereof is, by this Act, declared to be returnable,-

(a) If already paid, it may be recovered by the assured from the insurer; and (b) If unpaid, it may be retained by the assured or his agent.

82．凡根据本法规定，已申明的保险费或保险费的一个比例部分可以退还： (a) 如果保险费已经缴付，可由被保险人向保险人追回； (b) 假如未缴付保险费，被保险人或其代理人可以保留之。

第83条约定退费（Return by agreement）

83.Where the policy contains a stipulation for the return of the premium, or a proportionate part thereof, on the happening of a certain event, and that event happens, the premium, or, as the case may be, the proportionate part thereof, is thereupon returnable to the assured. 83．在保险单中有发生某一事件时退还保险费或部分保险费的规定之情况下，当发生该事件时，保险费或保险费的比例部分，由保险人退还给被保险人。

第84条缺乏对价的退费（Return for failure of consideration）

84.(1) Where the consideration for the payment of the premium totally fails, and there has been no fraud or illegality on the part of the assure or his agents, the premium is thereupon returnable to the assured.

(2) Where the consideration for the payment of the premium is apportionable and there is a total failure of any apportionable part of the consideration, a proportionate part of the premium is, under the like conditions, thereupon returnable to the assured. （3）In particular-

(a) Where the policy is void, or is avoided by the insurer as from the commencement of the risk, the premium is returnable, provided that there has been no fraud or illegality on the part of the assured; but if the risk is not apportionable, and has once attached, the premium is not returnable.

(b) Where the subject-matter insured, or part thereof, has never been imperiled, the