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编号

河南机电高等专科学校 毕业设计（论文）

基于单片机的智能中央空调控制

系统设计

系 部: 自动控制系 专 业: 计算机控制技术 班 级: 计控111 姓 名: 贾阳阳 学 号: 111413135 指导老师: 张士磊

二零一四年四月

摘要

随着时代的进步和发展，空调已经普及到我们生活、工作，极大地改善了人们的生活品质。本文主要介绍了一个基于AT89C51单片机的温度检测、调节、控制的空调系统，详细描述了利用数字温度传感器DS18B20开发测温系统的过程，重点对传感器在单片机下的硬件连接，软件编程以及各模块系统流程进行了详尽分析，特别是数字温度传感器DS18B20的数据采集过程。对各部分的电路也一一进行了设计。

该系统可以方便的实现实现温度采集和显示，并可根据需要任意设定上下限在通过单片机控制温度，它使用起来相当方便，具有精度高、量程宽、灵敏度高、体积小、功耗低等优点，适合于我们日常生活和工、农业生产中的温度测量，也可以当作温度处理模块嵌入其它系统中，作为其他主系统的辅助扩展。DS18B20与AT89C51结合实现最简温度检测系统，该系统结构简单，抗干扰能力强，适合于恶劣环境下进行现场温度测量，有广泛的应用前景。

关键词：AT89C51，LED数码管，DS18B20，数字温度计

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Abstract

With the era of progress and development, air conditioning has become popular we live, work, greatly improved people's quality of life.This paper describes a temperature measurement based on AT89C51 microcontroller, regulate and control the air conditioning system, a detailed description of the use of digital temperature sensor DS18B20 temperature measurement system development process, focusing on the sensor under the SCM hardware connection, software programming, and the modular systemconducted a detailed analysis of the process, in particular, digital temperature sensor DS18B20 data collection process.On various parts of the circuit is also introduced one by one.

The system can easily achieve the realization of temperature acquisition and display, and can be arbitrarily set the upper and lower temperature control through microcontroller. It is very convenient to use, with high precision, wide range, high sensitivity, small size, low power consumption, suitable for our daily lives and industrial and agricultural production in the temperature measurement, as temperature can also be embedded in other systems processing

modulein

the

main

system

as

the

other

auxiliary

expansion.DS18B20 combined with the realization of the simplest AT89C51 temperature detection system, the system is simple, anti-interference ability, suitable for harsh environments spot temperature measurement, a wide range of applications.

Key words: AT89C51,LED digital tube,DS18B20， TemperatureSensor

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目 录

摘要 ................................................................................ I Abstract ............................................................................ II 前言 ............................................................................... 1 1绪论 .............................................................................. 2

1.1空调的概述 ................................................................. 2 1.2空调的发展历史 ............................................................. 2 1.3空调的发展趋势 ............................................................. 4 1.4系统总体方案及硬件设计 .................................................... 4

1.4.1中央空调制冷循环工作原理 ............................................ 4 1.4.2中央空调系统的设计 .................................................. 6

2系统硬件的选择及其功能特性 ...................................................... 12

2.1 AT89C51单片机的结构及其功能 ............................................. 12

2.1.1 AT89C51单片机的结构 ............................................... 12 2.1.2AT89C51单片机的引脚及其功能 ....................................... 13 2.1.3时钟震荡器 ......................................................... 16 2.1.4闲散节电模式 ....................................................... 16 2.1.5掉电模式 ........................................................... 18 2.1.6程序存储器的加密 ................................................... 18 2.2 DS18B20温度传感器 ....................................................... 18

2.2.1 常用的测温方法 .................................................... 19 2.2.2 温度传感器的选择 .................................................. 20 2.2.3 DS18B20概述 ...................................................... 22 2.2.4 DS18B20测温操作 .................................................. 23 2.2.5报警操作信号 ....................................................... 24 2.3 LED数码管 ............................................................... 24 2.4 总体方案的确定 ........................................................... 26 3硬件电路的设计 ................................................................... 27

3.1时钟电路 .................................................................. 27 3.2显示电路的设计 ............................................................ 28 3.3按键电路设计 .............................................................. 29 3.4温度传感器电路 ............................................................ 29 3.5复位电路的设计 ............................................................ 30 3.6系统总电路 ................................................................ 31

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