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高中英语学习材料

madeofjingetieji

WORDS & EXPRESSIONS calm

【归纳】calm既可作形容词又可作动词，还可作名词。

★作形容词时，意为：①镇静的，沉着的；②风平浪静的；③无风的。如： It is important to keep calm in a dangerous situation. After the storm, the sea was calm again.

The story happened on a calm, cloudless day.

★作动词时，意为“使平静，使镇静”。常用短语：calm down / calm sb. / sth. down（使）平静，镇静，安静。如：

Charlie tried to calm the frightened children. After a short time, the old man calmed a little. Jack lit a cigarette to calm himself down. Calm down and tell me what happened.

★作名词时，意为“宁静的状态”。如： After the storm came a calm. 【即学即练】翻译下面句子。

1. 请尽量保持镇静——医生很快就到。 _____________________________ 2. 昨天海上风平浪静。

_____________________________

3. 她深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。 _____________________________

equal

【归纳】equal既可作形容词又可作动词， 还可作名词。

★作形容词时，意为：①（大小、数量、价值等）相同的，同样的，相等的；②平等的，同等的；③（力气、勇气、能力等）相当的，能胜任的，能应付的。如： Divide the cake into equal parts.

Women are demanding equal pay for equal work. She feels equal to the task.

★作动词时，意为：①（大小、数量、价值等）与……相等，等于；②比得上，敌得过。如： A metre equals 39.38 inches.

This young man is equalled by no one here in strength.

★作名词时，意为“同等的人，相等物”，常用短语：be without equal / have no equal 无与伦比，无敌。如：

The good thing about her as a boss is that she treats us all as equals. His paintings are without equal.

【即学即练】写出下面句子中equal的词性及含义。

1. This achievement is unlikely ever to be equalled. ________ ________ 2. I hope that he proves equal to the challenge. ________ ________

3. There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class. ________ ________ 4. Two plus two equals four. ________ ________

5. Jacob treats the people who work for him as his equals. ________ ________ 6. The company has an equal opportunities policy. ________ ________

struggle

【归纳】 struggle既可作名词也可作动词。

★ 作名词时，意为：①斗争，战斗；②努力，奋斗。如：

After a short struggle, the policeman took the thief to the police station. Jenny tried to escape but her struggles were useless.

★ 作动词时，意为：①斗争，打斗；②挣扎；③奋斗，拼搏，努力；④挣扎着走，费力地走。它常用于以下结构：struggle with sb.与某人打斗； struggle against / with和……斗争；struggle to do sth.努力/挣扎着做某事；struggle for为……而斗争/奋斗。如： The boy struggled with the thief.

John struggled against / with cancer for two years.

A bird was caught in the net and was struggling to get free. The poor had to struggle for a living. Paul struggled out of his wheelchair.

【即学即练】 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。

1. We should be brave and _____________________ (同困难作斗争). 2. _____________________ (她与疾病的斗争) lasted ten years. 3. The two brothers _____________________ (正在争夺权力).

character

【语境展示】阅读下面各句，注意 character的意思及用法。

1. In Disneyland you can see many cartoon characters such as Snow White and Mickey Mouse. 2. Besides knowledge, a good character is what every child should try to get during his or her growth.

3. Each of her books has its own different character.

4. The study you have been making of ancient Chinese characters is fascinating. 5. Jack refused my offer, which was in character.

【自我归纳】 character意为“______”，如句1； 意为“（人、集体的） ______”，如句2；意为“（事物、事件或地方的）特点，特色”，如句3； 意为“文字，符号”，如句4。常构成短语in character，意为“符合某人的性格”，如句5。 【拓展】characterless adj. 无特征的，无个性的，平凡的

characteristic adj. 典型的，独特的，特有的； n. 特征，特点，品质 【即学即练】 根据所给中英文提示，完成下面句子。

1. I find __________________ (这部电影中的所有人物都滑稽、有趣). 2. What you know about him __________________ (不是他的真正性格).

flight

【语境展示】 阅读下面句子，选出flight 在各句中的英语释义。 1. If we leave now, we can catch the earlier flight.

2. Does anyone have suggestions on making a long flight as comfortable as possible? 3. She photographed the birds in flight.

A. a plane making a particular journey

B. a journey made by air, especially in a plane C. the act of flying

【即学即练】 根据所给中英文提示完成下面句子， 每空一词。 1. 他们成功地飞越了太平洋。

They made ______ ______ ______ across the Pacific Ocean. 2. 没有什么可以阻止时光飞逝。

There is no way to stop ______ ______ ______ ______. 3. 去德国的105次航班上午十时四十五分起飞。

______ ______ ______ ______ takes off at a quarter to eleven a.m.

explore

【语境展示】 阅读下面句子，并试着归纳explore的意思。 1. They explored the land to the south of the Murray river.

2. As soon as we arrived on the island, we were eager to explore. 3. Kate’s father works in a company exploring for oil.

4. We must explore all possible ways to increase food production. 5. Let’s explore this idea more fully.

【自我归纳】 explore是动词，意为：①考察，探险，勘探(句1-句3)；②探索，探讨(句4-句5)。

【拓展】 explorer n. 勘探者，考察者，探险者；exploration n. 勘探，探索，研究。 【即学即练】 翻译下面句子。

1. It is worth exploring other ways of dealing with this problem. _______________________________________ 2. 你真的考察了离你们那儿最近的城镇？

_______________________________________

Key：

WORDS & EXPRESSIONS calm

【即学即练】

1. Please try to stay calm — the doctor will be here soon. 2. Yesterday the sea was calm.

3. She took a few deep breaths to calm herself down. equal

【即学即练】

1. 动词；比得上，敌得过

2. 形容词；能胜任的，能应付的 3. 形容词；相同的，相等的 4. 动词；与……相等，等于 5. 名词；同等的人

6. 形容词；平等的，同等的 struggle