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必修5 Unit 1 Greatest scientists

I. 单元基础知识

1. 核心单词

(1) vt. 打败;战胜 (2) n. 专家;行家 (3) v. 照顾;参加 (4) vt. 建设 (5) vt. 暴露;揭露 (6) vt. 吸收;吸引 (7) vt. 怀疑 n. 嫌疑犯 (8) physician n. (9) severe adj.

(10) announce v. →announcer n． (11) blame vt. & n.

(12) instruct vt. →n. instructions →adj. instructive 2.高频短语

(1) 除……之外 (2) 为……负责 (3) 有意义，讲得通 (4) 对……严格 (5) be absorbed in (6) make up one’s mind (7) make room for (8) put forward 3.重点句型

(1) ____its cause ____its cure was understood. 人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解对它的治疗。

(2) So many thousands of terrified people died_____________________. 因此每一次暴发(霍乱)都会有成千上万恐慌的人死去。

(3) He knew that cholera would ____ be controlled______ its cause was found. 他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。

(4) To prevent this from happening again，John Snow__________the source of all the water supplies__________.

为防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。

(5) He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system _________________________...

他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星围绕着太阳转……

II. 考点精析及演练

1. conclude v. 断定，推断出；得出结论；使结束，终止（end） 【常见搭配】

conclude sth.(from sth.) /that... (从……)推断出,断定 arrive at/reach/come to/draw a conclusion得出结论 in conclusion总之；最后

【语境填空】

①从特朗普的演讲中你得出什么结论了？ ________ do you ________ the speech of Trump? ②他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”结束了他的演讲。

He ____________ a famous saying “Where there is a will, there is a way”. 2. absorb vt. 吸收；并入,并吞；吸引；使专心；理解,掌握 absorbed adj. 聚精会神的；专心致志的 【常见搭配】

absorb one’s attention吸引某人的注意

absorb oneself in (=be absorbed in) 全神贯注于……，专注于……

【用法检测】

She was so ________ in work that she didn’t hear anybody knocking at the door at all.

A. attracted B. absorbed C. drawn

D. devoted

3. blame vt. 责备；谴责；把……归咎于 n. 过失；责备 【常见搭配】

blame sb. for sth.因某事而责备某人 blame sth. on sb.把某事怪到某人头上

be to blame (for...)应承担责任;该受责备(用主动形式表被动意义)

【用法检测】

It was the boy, rather than his teachers, that ________ for what the boy had done. A. were to blame B. were to blamed C. was to blame

D. was to be blamed

4. contribute vt. & vi.捐献；捐助；造成；贡献；投稿 contribution n.

【同义词】contribute to，result in，bring about，lead to 【常见搭配】

contribute...to...把……贡献给……;把……投稿给…… contribute to有助于；导致（＝result in/lead to） make a contribution/contributions to对……作出贡献/捐款

【用法检测】

(1) Various factors contributed to his downfall.

=Various factors / / / / his downfall.

(2) Overeating and lack of regular exercise easily ________ overweight and high blood pressure.

A. result from B. live with C. consist of D. contribute to 5. put forward提议，提出；拿出；推荐 【同义词】 come up with, raise, propose, present 常见put 短语：

put away将……收起；积蓄 put aside忽视；不理睬；储存 put off延期(delay/postpone/hang up） put in放入；插话 put through接通电话；完成；使经受 put out扑灭 put up搭建，提供住宿，举起 put up with忍受 【用法检测】