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they were uncertain whether to go back or forward.

5. A car crashed into the side of a house after the driver lost control

and (plowed through) a hedge (树篱).

6. Charles reappeared, after half an hour's absence, and (threw himself

into) an armchair, where he lay back for some time with his eyes shut. 7. You may be out of work but that is no reason to (let yourself go) by not

washing, brushing your hair and wearing clean clothes. 8. As her door began to open, she (grabbed for) the

telephone, and then dropped the receiver as Luke walked in. My translation

The American Dream is a national ethos (精神特质) of the United States. The term is used in many ways, but it essentially is an idea that suggests that anyone in the US can succeed through hard work and has the potential to lead a happy, successful life. Many people have expanded upon or refined the definition to include things such as freedom, fulfillment and meaningful relationships. The idea of an American Dream is older than the US, dating back to the 1600s, when people began to have all sorts of hopes and aspirations for what was a new and largely unexplored continent to European immigrants. And the meaning of the Dream has changed over the course of history, including both personal components and a global vision. But not everybody thinks the American Dream is a positive thing. Some people believe that the structure of society in the US prevents such an idealistic goal for everyone. Critics often point to examples of inequality rooted in class, race, religion and ethnicity that suggest that the American Dream is not attainable for everyone.

美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。该词有各种各样的用法，但其根本含义是，在美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活。许多人对美国梦的概念加以拓展和提炼，涵盖了像自由、自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。美国梦的思想比美国本身更为久远，可以追溯到17世纪，当时的欧洲移民面对这一新发现的、未经开发的广袤大陆，开始纷纷怀揣希望，

追逐梦想。随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包含了个人元素，也包含了全局视野。但并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。一些人认为美国的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。批评者常常举以实例，揭露植根于阶级、种族、宗教和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。

实现中华民族伟大复兴（rejuvenation）是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我们称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。

Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modern times. It

basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort. People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people. Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese.

Unit3

1. As a number of authors point out, the urge to migrate is a(n) (integral) part

of human nature.

2. Children should be allowed to (cherish) those few years of innocence

before they have to learn the truth about the real world.

3. He has been (afflicted) by a horrible disease, from which one of his best

friends died two weeks ago.

4. The results of the survey are (noteworthy) and useful despite being from a

small sample.

5. The director said that they needed a young actress who

could (portray) someone who was both unbalanced and confident at the same time.

6. Praise must be used wisely to (compliment) students who perform up to

expectations and to encourage students to perform to maximum levels. 7. In the (domain) of research, it is an accepted fact that scientific

publications have to be written or translated into English to get published, acknowledged, and cited.

8. He received a(n) (anonymous) call threatening to disclose details of his

affair if he didn't pay the money.

9. The movie presents Lincoln as a strong-willed, (conscientious) man who

led the US through a moral, constitutional and political crisis. 10. It is understandable that the health and welfare of their family is

a(n) (perpetual) concern for this young couple.

1. Clearly, most of the students there are full-time workers who would not

otherwise have been able to (embark on) sustained further study. 2. The court ruled that this man (be deprived of) his political rights for a

further four years after he has served his 13-year sentence.

3. I would love to have kids. I would (turn down) an Oscar to see my boy at a

baseball game or my girl at a song recital.

4. Richard was finally released on February 4, one year and six weeks after he'd

been (taken captive) .

5. She hoped Vincent would understand that her life had not been empty,

because her love would (live on) .

6. All people, whether they be rich or poor, strong or weak, privileged or

deprived, are interdependent, and (share in) the common task of seeking to achieve mankind's full potential.

7. In September 1944 he was able to return to his academic duties, but soon

after the war ended he (was stricken by) a serious illness and did

relatively little research thereafter (从那以后). 8.

She retired from the company where she has [led by example) and

been a source of encouragement to others.

Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance, is perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived. A painter, sculptor, architect, mathematician, engineer, and inventor, he is famous for a wide range of accomplishments. His natural genius, which crossed multiple disciplines, won him the title of \primarily as a painter. Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the best known and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time. What make Leonardo's drawings unique are mainly his innovative techniques and acute scientific mind. Perhaps only 15 of his paintings have survived, partly because his constant experimentation with new techniques made his total output

quite small. Although not a prolific (多产的) painter, Leonardo was a most productive draftsman, keeping journals full of sketches, drawings, and diagrams. These notebooks, often referred to as da Vinci's manuscripts, recorded his inventions, observations, and theories about everything that captured his attention. Leonard's genius made him a pioneer in almost every field of study he

undertook. His paintings, together with his notebooks, have contributed

significantly to the history of art.

莱奥纳多?达?芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，也许也是迄今最多才多艺的人。他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广泛而闻名。他的天赋跨越多个领域，为其赢得了“文艺复兴大师”的称号。莱奥纳多主要作为画家而著名。在其所有作品中，《蒙娜·丽莎》最为有名，而《最后的晚餐》则是历来复制最多的宗教画作。莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。他的画作大约只有15幅流传了下来，其部分原因是他不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。莱奥纳多虽然不是多产画家，却是一位最高产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。这些笔记通常被称为达?芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事物提出的理论。莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。

他的画作，连同他的笔记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。

水墨画（ink and wash painting）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的发展、提高和完善。水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的层次。水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意象，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚

至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。

Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms of China, is representative of Chinese painting. It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties. With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development,