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摘 要

随着石油资源的日益减少和环境保护要求的提高，电动汽车的发展越来越受到人们的重视，以往对于纯电动汽车的研究主要集中在能量存储系统，电驱动系统和控制策略的研究开发方面。然而，在动力电池和其他技术取得有效突破之前，对动力传动系统部件的设计参数进行研究是提高电动汽车性能的重要手段之一。变速器是汽车重要的传动系组成，在较大范围内改变汽车行驶速度的大小和汽车驱动轮上扭矩的大小。

本设计的变速箱采用两轴式两挡和锁环式同步器换挡，这种布置形式缩短了变速器轴向尺寸，在保证挡数不变的情况下，减少齿轮数目，从而使变速器结构更加紧凑。电动汽车的变速器与普通变速器相比，其结构有所不同。因为驱动电机的旋向可以通过电路控制实现变换，所以电动汽车无需内燃机汽车变速器中的倒档而设置倒档轴，只需应用电机反转来实现倒车行驶。设计中利用已知参数确定变速器各挡传动比、中心矩，齿轮的模数、压力角、齿宽等参数，由中心矩确定箱体的长度、高度、轴径，对轴和各挡齿轮进行校核，绘制出装配图及零件图。结论表明，变速器齿轮及各轴尺寸达到设计要求，齿轮及各轴强度的校核满足强度要求，结构合理。

同时本设计对电动汽车的动力传动系统进行了匹配设计计算，计算结果表明达到性能要求。

关键词： 电动汽车；传动系；变速箱；匹配

Abstract

With oil resources dwindling and environmental improvement, the development of electric vehicles is receiving increasing attention, in the past, pure electric vehicle for research mainly concentrated in the energy storage system, electric drive systems and control research and development strategy . However, in the motive power and other technical breakthroughs made effective before the powertrain components of the design parameters of the study is to improve the performance of electric vehicles, one of the important means. Transmission is important automotive powertrain components, a change in a wide range of size of vehicle speed and torque of the motor vehicle wheel size.

The design of a two-axis of the transmission block and the two lock ring synchronizer shift, the layout of the form of reducing the transmission of axial size, while ensuring the same block a few cases, to reduce the number of gears, so that transmission structure compact. The transmission of electric vehicles as compared with ordinary transmission, its structure is different. Because of the rotary drive motor circuit can be controlled to achieve the transformation, so no internal combustion engine for electric vehicles in the automobile transmission and set up reverse reverse axis, simply the application of inversion to achieve the reversing motor traffic. Known parameters of the design of transmission of the block to determine the transmission ratio, the center moment, the modulus gear, pressure angle, tooth width and other parameters determined by the central moment of the

box length, plans and parts assembly. Concluded that the transmission gears and the shaft size to meet the design requirements, the gear shaft and checking the strength to meet the strength requirements of a reasonable structure.At the same time, the design of a matching calculation results show that the performance requirements to meet.

Key words: electric vehicle ；gearbox ；

powertrain ；matchin