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本科毕业论文（设计）
学 院： 农学院 专 业： 农业资源与环境 班 级： 11级a班 学 号： 1109010056 学生姓名： 王荣 指导老师： 舒英格 副教授
年 5 月25 日
论文（设计）题目：滴灌对茶园土壤养分的影响初探
2015
贵州大学本科毕业论文（设计）
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论文（设计）作者签名： 日 期：
贵州大学本科毕业论文（设计） 第I页
目录
目录 ................................................................................................................................................... I
摘要 ................................................................................................................................................. II Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... III 1 引言 .............................................................................................................................................. 1
1.1研究目的及意义 ................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 国内外研究状况 ................................................................................................................ 1 2 材料与方法 ................................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 实验地概况 ........................................................................................................................ 2
2.1.1 试验地地形地貌 ..................................................................................................... 2 2.1.2 气候及降雨量 ......................................................................................................... 2 2.1.3试验地的试验前状况 .............................................................................................. 3 2.2实验设计 ............................................................................................................................. 3 2.3 取样与测定 ........................................................................................................................ 4
2.3.1 取样 ......................................................................................................................... 4 2.3.2 测定 ......................................................................................................................... 5 2.4 数据处理 ............................................................................................................................ 6 2.5主要研究内容 ..................................................................................................................... 6
2.5.1研究滴灌对茶园土壤全氮和碱解氮的影响 .......................................................... 6 2.5.2研究滴灌对茶园土壤全磷和速效磷的影响 .......................................................... 6 2.5.3研究滴灌对茶园土壤速效钾的影响 ...................................................................... 6 2.5.4研究滴灌对茶园PH和有机质的影响 .................................................................... 6
3 结果与分析 ................................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 不同滴灌方式对土壤养分的影响 .................................................................................... 7 3.2 不同滴灌方式对土壤养分的影响 .................................................................................... 9 4 结论 ............................................................................................................................................ 10 文献 ................................................................................................................................................ 11 致谢 ................................................................................................................................................ 14
贵州大学本科毕业论文（设计） 第II页
滴灌对茶园土壤养分的影响初探
摘要
本论文旨在研究贵州省开阳县茶园种植区的土壤N、P、K和有机质在滴灌
灌溉方式下的变化规律，通过走访调查和在典型种植区的滴灌实验得出的相关数据，再利用spss软件分析中的T检验和单样本非参数检验的曼－惠特尼U检验两中数据分析方法进行数据的处理分析，以此研究滴灌对茶园土壤养分的影响。结果表明，土壤中碱解氮含量的明显受到滴灌的影响，表现为滴灌使得耕层土壤中碱解氮含量明显减少；滴灌灌溉使得耕层中的表层土壤全磷、全氮含量明显减少，根层中的含量差异不大；而耕层土壤中速效磷、速效钾和有机质在空白与滴灌作用的差异不显著。在空白和滴灌在垂直方向上的显著性差异得出，随深度的增加滴灌地块和空白地块的全氮、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷、速效钾和有机质的含量均明显减少；滴灌会使得表层与根层土壤中的全氮、速效磷、速效钾和有机质差异率减少，其结果表现为，滴灌表层与空白表层相比有所减少，而根层有所增加；而滴灌对土壤中碱解氮和全磷在垂直方向的没有明显的影响。
关键词：开阳县；滴灌；茶园土壤；土壤养分；
贵州大学本科毕业论文（设计） 第III页
The influence of drip irrigation in tea garden soil
nutrients
Abstract
This paper aims to study in guizhou kaiyang tea garden area of soil N, P, K and
organic matter, the change rule of under drip irrigation methods through visiting survey and in the typical area of drip irrigation experiment data, using SPSS software analysis of T in the inspection and the mann - Whitney U two data analysis methods to analyze data processing, in order to study the effect of drip irrigation in tea garden soil nutrients. The results showed that the concentrations of alkali in the soil solution of influenced by drip irrigation, characterized by drip irrigation made arable layer soil alkali-hydrolysable nitrogen content decreased significantly; Drip irrigation makes the top layer of the surface soil total phosphorus, total nitrogen content decreased significantly, the concentration difference in root layer; In the top layer of soil available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter in the blank with no significant difference in drip irrigation effect. In the blank and the significant difference of drip irrigation in the vertical direction, with the increase of the depth of the drip irrigation plot and blank plot of total nitrogen, alkali solution nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus and available potassium and organic matter content were significantly reduced; Drip irrigation makes the soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium and organic matter the difference between surface and root layer rate decreases, the result is, drip irrigation surface than the blank surface decreases, drip irrigation root layer than blank root increased; And alkaline hydrolysis in drip irrigation on soil nitrogen and total phosphorus in the vertical direction have no obvious impacts.
Key words: kaiyang; Drip irrigation; Soil nutrients;