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能力提升(句式升级)
④一条谚语(proverb)说：“不劳则无获。” A_proverb_says，“No_pains，no_gains.” ⑤要想取得巨大进步，你就得全力以赴。
If_you_want_to_make_great_progress，you_should_spare_no_pains. ⑥用关系代词as把④、⑤合并为一个复合句 As_a_proverb_says，“No_pains，no_gains”，you_should_spare_no_pains_if_you_want_to_make_great_progress. ruin vt.毁坏；毁灭；使破产；n.毁灭；毁坏；废墟，遗址(常用复数)
(教材原句)The castle was in ruins for 200 years until it was rebuilt in 1932.这座城堡荒废了近200年，直到1932年才被重新修建。
(1)be in ruins 成为废墟
bring...to ruin 使??毁灭；使??没落 (2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡 ruin one’s health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉
Drunk driving not only ruined himself but also killed several passers-by. 醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。 ◎ 巧学巧练3
基础练习(单句语法填空)
①The ancient temple has been in ruins (ruin) and needs repairing. ②The strong earthquake left the city in ruins merely in several seconds. 能力提升(单句写作)
③地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。
The whole city lay_in_ruins_after_the_earthquake，which_made_us_awake_all_night. purpose n．目的，意图
(佳句诵读)Did you come to London for/with the purpose of seeing your family or on business?
你到伦敦来的目的是看望家人还是出差？ (1)on purpose 故意地 for/with the purpose of 目的是?? (2)achieve a purpose 达到目的
She seems to do these things on purpose/by design rather than by chance.
她似乎是故意做这些事而非偶然。 ◎ 巧学巧练4
基础练习(单句语法填空)
①He returned to his homeland with/for the purpose of serving the people heart and soul. ②—Look！The telephone is broken.Someone damaged it on purpose. —That may be right.But perhaps it was broken by accident. 能力提升(高考小作文)
③(2014·天津卷写作)这个项目的目的就是培养我们学习英语的兴趣，培养听说的能力。 The_purpose_of_this_programme_is_to_develop_our_interest_in_English_learning_and_practical_abilities_in_listening_and_speaking. relate vt.& vi.联系，把??与??联系起来；叙述，讲述
(佳句诵读)The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment. 报告试图把犯罪增多与失业人数增加联系起来。 (1)relate to 与??有关；涉及 (2)related adj. 相关的；有联系的 be related to 与??相关；与??联系 (3)relation n. 关系；联系
in relation to 与??有关；与??相比 have no relation to 与??没关系
(4)relative adj. 相比较而言的 n. 亲戚
relatively adv. 相对地
The position calls for related experience in the field and being skilled at using computers. 这个岗位需要该领域相关的经验和熟练使用电脑。 ◎ 巧学巧练5
基础练习(单句语法填空)
①The man tried to prove that he had no relation (relate) to the robbery.
②Lack of exercise is also a risk factor for heart disease but it’s relatively (relate) small when compared with the others.
能力提升(一句多译)
(2014·辽宁卷书面表达)你的创意作品一定要与我们的学校生活有关。 ③Your innovation must be_related_to_our_school_life.
④Your innovation must relate_to_our_school_life.
⑤Your innovation must be_connected_with_our_school_life.
mercy n．慈悲，怜悯，同情心；幸运；恩惠
(教材原句)He had no mercy so we had to leave fast.他一点也不仁慈，所以我们不得不快点离开。
(1)ask/beg for mercy 请求宽恕
show mercy to sb.?
? 怜悯/同情/可怜某人
have mercy on sb.?
at the mercy of... 任由??摆布 without mercy 残忍地
(2)merciful adj. 仁慈的；宽容的 merciless adj. 无情的；冷酷的
(朗文P1290)Having lost engine power，the boat’s crew found themselves at the mercy of the wind.
在失去引擎动力之后，船员们发现自己只能任凭风力摆布了。 ◎ 巧学巧练6
基础练习(单句语法填空)
①She is a kind-hearted woman and often shows mercy to people who are in trouble. ②Have I not always been merciful to those who deserve forgiveness? 能力提升(写作佳句)
③你犯了如此严重的错误，会受到严厉的惩罚，没人会怜悯你的。
You have made such a big mistake that you will be severely punished and no_one_will_have_mercy_on_you. 熟词生义 It was a mercy that the whole family survived the earthquake.幸运
第二板块 短语·句式 date back (to...)追溯到??
(佳句诵读)According to the expert，the temple has a history dating from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.
那个专家说这座寺庙历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期。 (1)date back to＝date from 追溯到?? (2)out of date 过时的，陈旧的 up to date 最近的，新式的，现代的
My interest in stamp collecting dates back to/dates from my schooldays.我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。
◎ 巧学巧练1——一句多译
每天都有许多游客在这座可追溯到800年前的塔前拍照。
①Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower，which_dates_back_to_ as early as 800 years ago.(定语从句)
②Every day a number of tourists take pictures in front of the tower dating_from/back_to as early as 800 years ago.(分词作状语)
名师指津：date back to和date from一般不用于进行时态。作后置定语时，常用现在分词。
fix one’s eyes on 注视，凝视，盯着
(佳句诵读)All eyes were fixed on Tom as he walked into the crowded room.当汤姆走进那个拥挤的房间时，所有的目光都集中到了他身上。
fix one’s attention on 全神贯注于 concentrate on 全神贯注于 pay attention to 注意 be buried in 专心于
All his attention was fixed on the book that he was reading. 他全部的注意力都集中在他正在看的那本书上了。 ◎ 巧学巧练2
基础练习(单句语法填空)
①In the reading room，we found her seated at a desk with her attention fixed (fix) on a book. ②Fix (fix) your eyes on the road and we will be much safer. 能力提升(句式升级)
The students were sitting in the classroom and their eyes were fixed on the teachers. ③
The_students_were_sitting_in_the_classroom_with_their_eyes_fixed_on_the_teachers.
(用with复合结构改写句子)
④The_students_were_sitting_in_the_classroom，their_eyes_fixed_on_the_teachers. (用独立主格结构改写句子)
⑤The_students_were_sitting_in_the_classroom，keeping_their_eyes_fixed_on_the_teachers. (用v.-ing作状语)
Qi Baishi’s style of painting often leaves the audience guessing and makes them use
their imagination.齐白石的绘画风格常常给观赏者留出运用想像力解读其内涵的余地。 leave the audience guessing为leave复合结构，leave表示“使/让(某人/某事物)处于某状态、某地”等。具体构成为：