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2019年6月大学英语四级真题解析及参考答案
Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your
Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words. 【参考范文】
On June 14, Friday, a volunteer activity where many students took an active part in visiting the local Nursing House was organized by the Student Union and it turns out to be a big success.
The activity was aimed at encouraging students to visit the elderly at the Nursing House and help elderly people deal with their troubles both physical and
psychological. Many students volunteered to participate in this good deed and were engaged in helping the elderly here out by making their meals, washing their clothes and chatting with them. When asked about those volunteers’ feelings about such an experience, all of them responded with a smile, saying “what a wonderful practice and I really appreciate this experience, for it makes me learn to care more for others in need.”
All in all, the activity turns out to be a success not only for the visited elderly but for those students involved. 【参考范文译文】
6月14日，星期五，学生会组织了一个参观当地敬老院的志愿活动，许多学生都积极参与其中，该活动取得了巨大的成功。
此次志愿活动旨在拜访当地敬老院的老人们并对他们各个方面的困难提供帮助。许多学生主动加入到此次善举当中，帮老人们洗衣做饭、谈心解闷，竭尽所能提供帮助。问及参与此次活动的感想时，他们毫无例外地回道“真是太有意义了，很感谢这次经历，它让我懂得要去更加关爱那些有困难的人”
总而言之，此次活动取得了巨大成功，不仅仅对那些老人来说受益多多，对于参与的学生来说也是意义良多。 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A The center of American automobile innovation has in the past decade moved 2,000 miles away. It has 26 from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are coming into life. In a 27 to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced 28 that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road. “Michigan’s 29 in auto research and development is under attack from several states and countries which desire to 30 our leadership in transportation. We can’t let happen,” says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead 31 of four bills recently introduced. If all four bills pass as written, they would 32 a substantial update of Michigan’s 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturer would have nearly total freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. They would be allowed to send groups of self-driving cars on cross-state road trips, and even set on-demand 33 of self-driving cars, like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.
Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the commercial application of self-driving technology. In 34 , California, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far
more 35 rules that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, and commercial use of self-driving technology.
A) bid B) contrast C) deputy D) dominance E) fleets F) knots G) legislation I) replace J) represent k) restrictive L) reward M) significant N) sponsor O) transmitted
【参考答案】26-30 HAGDI31-35 NJEBK
Section B
How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100
A. Today in the United States there are 72,000 centenarians（百岁老人）.Worldwide,
Probably 450,000. If current trends continue, then by 2050 there will be more
than a million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers, 50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live to 107.
B. Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for public finances
given the associated health and pension challenges. These challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address them. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simply equate longevity (长寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of life, not just the end of it.
C. Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are healthier for
longer, then this will result in an inevitable redesign of work and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for longer, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying that “70 is the new 60” or “40 the new 30.” If you age more slowly over a longer time period, then you are in some sense younger for longer.
D. But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which
people make commitments such as buying a house, getting married, having children, or starting a career. These are all fundamental commitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962, 50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, that milestone(里程碑)had shifted to age 29.
E. While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one factor is surely
a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held. So if you believe you will live longer, then options become more valuable, and early commitment becomes less attractive. The result is that the commitments that previously characterized
the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new stage of life are emerging for those in their twenties.
F. Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only for financial
reasons. Yes, unless people are prepared to save a lot more, our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s, then you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your early 20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your late 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of potential inactivity is harmful tocognitive(认知的) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to do it.
G. And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing.
Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work may secure the financial assets needed for a 100-year life, but such persistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible assets such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship.
H. The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single shot of education,
administered in childhood and early adulthood, will be able to support a
sustained, 60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of
technological change, either your skills will become unnecessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in their life, have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.
A. It seems likely, then, that the traditional three-stage life will evolve into
multiple stages containing two, three, or oven more different careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal achievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or becoming an independent producer, yet another on making a social Contribution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different cities, and provide Foundation for building a wide variety of skills. J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals (休假) as people find tim rest and recharge their health, re-invest in their relationships, or improve their skills. At times, these breaks and transitions will be self-determined, at others they will be forced as existing roles, firms, or industries cease to exist.
K）A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how you manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increasingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and even welcome it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage life has many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader networks of friends, and being open to new ideas will become even more crucial skills.
L）These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequencing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.
M）With this variety will come the end of the close association of age and stage. I n a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and