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1
摘 要
齿轮油泵是一种借一对相互啮合的齿轮，依靠泵内齿轮咬合旋转达到输送流体，在低压液压系统中作为提供一定流量、压力的一种液压能源装置。具有构造简单，自吸能力好，压力波动小，工作平稳可靠，噪声低，效率高等优点。
齿轮泵可分为外啮合齿轮泵和内啮合齿轮泵。工作腔是齿轮上每相邻两个齿的齿间槽、壳体与两端端盖之间形成的密封空间；内啮合齿轮泵又可分为渐开线齿轮泵和摆线齿轮泵两种。外啮合齿轮泵和内啮合齿轮泵都属于定量泵，可作润滑油泵、重油泵、液压泵和输液泵，主要输送润滑性的油料介质液体，适用于石油、化工、运输、机械制造等行业。
本报告主要针对齿轮泵的组成和设计进行全面分析，内容包括齿轮泵的齿轮的设计与校核，轴承的设计与校核，泵盖的校核，键的选择，齿轮泵的安装，齿轮泵的维修与保养。
关键词: 外啮合齿轮油泵；齿轮；泵盖；设计；校核；组装
I
Abstract
Gear pump is a equipment which uses a pair of mutually meshing gears,relying on the gear meshing rotary pump to achieve transmission fluid,In the low-pressure hydraulic system as a certain flow, the pressure of a hydraulic power unit.It has something good than other pumps.such as :With a simple structure, self-absorption capacity, small fluctuations in pressure, smooth and reliable, low noise and high efficiency.
The gear pump can be divided into the external gear pump and gear pump,The working chamber is sealed space formed between each adjacent two teeth interdental groove shell with both ends of the end cap on the gear;The internal gear pump Gear Pump can be divided into involute and cycloidal gear pumps .The outer meshing gear pumps and internal gear pump to belong to the dosing pumps,Can be used as a lubricating oil pump, heavy oil pump, hydraulic pump, and infusion pumps, conveyor lubrication oil liquid medium,Applicable to the petroleum, chemical, transportation, machinery manufacturing and other industries.
This report a comprehensive analysis of the composition and design of the gear pump. Include the design and checking of the design and checking of the gears of the gear pump, bearings, pumps cover the check, the choice of key, the installation of the gear pump, gear pump repair, and maintenance.
Keyword ：Outer meshing gear pump；gear ；the cover Of the pump ；calculate ； check ；assemble
II
河南理工大学本科毕业设计说明书
目录
摘 要 ......................................................................... I Abstract ....................................................................... II 第一章绪论 ...................................................................... 1
1.1齿轮泵概述 ............................................................... 1
1.1.1齿轮泵的特点、现状 ................................................. 1 1.1.2齿轮泵分类 ....................................................... 3 1.1.3齿轮泵的性能参数及其关系式 ......................................... 3 1.1.4齿轮泵的性能 ....................................................... 7 1.2 本课题研究意义 .......................................................... 7 第二章 外啮合齿轮泵结构及其工作原理 ............................................ 10
2.1外啮合齿轮泵的结构 ...................................................... 10
2.1.1齿轮泵结构简介 .................................................... 10 2.1.2外啮合齿轮泵的结构特点 ............................................ 10 2.2外啮合齿轮泵工作原理 .................................................... 13
2.2.1工作原理 .......................................................... 13 2.2.2排量和流量计算 .................................................... 14 2.2.3外啮合齿轮泵的优缺点 .............................................. 14
第三章 齿轮泵总体设计 .......................................................... 16
3.1齿轮泵的设计要求 ........................................................ 16
3.1.1主要技术参数 ...................................................... 16 3.1.2主要设计要求 ...................................................... 16 3.2齿轮参数的设计与校核 .................................................... 16
3.2.1.齿轮参数的确定原则： ............................................. 16 3.2.2齿轮参数的确定 .................................................... 16 3.2.3齿轮几何要素的计算 ................................................ 19 3.2.4齿面接触强度校核 .................................................. 20 3.2.5齿面弯曲强度校核 .................................................. 24 3.3滑动轴承的计算 .......................................................... 25
河南理工大学本科毕业设计说明书
3.4泵盖的计算与校核 ........................................................ 29
3.4.1泵盖的确定 ........................................................ 29 3.4.2泵盖的校核 ........................................................ 29 3.5卸荷槽的计算 ............................................................ 30
3.5.1两卸荷槽的间距a .................................................. 30 3.5.2卸荷槽最佳长度c的确定 ............................................ 30 3.5.3卸荷槽深度h ...................................................... 30 3.6齿轮泵进出口大小确定 .................................................... 31 3.7轴的计算 ................................................................ 31
3.7.1轴最小直径计算 .................................................... 31 3.7.2轴的强度计算 ...................................................... 32 3.7.3轴的扭转刚度 ...................................................... 32 3.7.4轴的弯曲刚度 ...................................................... 33 3.8螺栓组的连接强度计算 .................................................... 34
3.8.1初步选择螺栓 ...................................................... 34 3.8.2对螺栓组进行拉伸强度校核 .......................................... 35 3.9密封 .................................................................... 35 3.10弹性挡圈选用 ........................................................... 35 3.11键的选择 ............................................................... 36
3.11.1联轴器用键 ....................................................... 36 3.11.2齿轮用键 ......................................................... 36 3.11.3键槽 ............................................................. 36 3.12定位法兰选用 ........................................................... 36 3.13联轴器的选择及校核 ..................................................... 36
3.13.1联轴器类型选择 ................................................... 36 3.13.2联轴器几何尺寸 ................................................... 36 3.13.3载荷计算 ......................................................... 37 3.14齿轮泵的装配 ........................................................... 38 第四章 齿轮泵的安装、维护及保养 ................................................ 40
4.1齿轮泵的安装 ............................................................ 40