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大学英语六级-选词填空 专项训练 CET6-cloze-2016-6-1
Cloze: Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. A.avoidingB.benefitsC.highlightD.illustratesE.impression F.improvesG.inquiringH.perfectlyI.positiveJ.prevail K.primarilyL.promptM.specificationsN.strappingO.typical Let's say you love roller-skating. Just the thought of __26__ on your roller-skates brings a smile to your face. You also know that roller-skating is excellent exercise. You have a __27__ attitude toward it.
This description of roller-skating __28__ the three components of an attitude: affect, cognition, and behavior. You love the activity; it's great fun. These feelings __29__ the affective or emotional component; they are an important ingredient in attitudes. The knowledge we have about the object constitutes the cognitive component of an attitude. You understand the health __30__ that the activity can bring. Finally, attitudes have a behavioral component. Our attitudes __31__ us to go outside to enjoy roller-skating.
Now, we don't want to leave you with the __32__ that these three components always work together __33__ . They don't; sometimes they clash. For example, let's say you love pizza (affective component); however, you have high cholesterol and understand (knowledge component) that eating pizza may be bad for your health. Which behavior will your attitude result in, eating pizza or __34__ it? The answer depends on which component happens to be stronger. If you are walking past a pizza restaurant at lunchtime, your emotions and feelings probably will be stronger than your knowledge that pizza may not be the best food for your health. In that instance, you have pizza for lunch. If you are at home trying to decide where to go for dinner, however, the knowledge component may __35__ , and you decide to go where you can eat a healthier meal.
KEY:
26 [N]空格前的 of 表明此处应填入动名词，与介词 on 搭配。空格后的 roller-skates 指“溜冰鞋”，词库的动名词中，strapping 可与 on 搭配，后接表示鞋子的宾语，意为“用带子系上(鞋子）”，符合此处语境。 27[I]此处需填入修饰 attitude 的词，由 a 可知需填入的单词是辅音字母开头的。上文提到“你”喜欢溜旱冰，穿上鞋子就微笑。“你”同样知道溜旱冰是很好的运动，因此这种态度是积极正面的，故填入 positive “积极的”。
28[D]此处应填入谓语动词，由主语 description 可知是第三人称单数形式。文章开头的 Let's say...表明第一段对溜旱冰的描绘是举例，因此此处符合语义逻辑的是 illustrates“说明，阐明”，该处句子的意思是“对溜旱冰的描述说明了态度有三个组成部分”。 29[C]此处应填入谓语动词，由主语 feelings 可知是动词原形。本句要说明态度的第一个部分 affect “情感”，主语 these feelings 指的是对溜旱冰这项活动的喜爱之情，highlight “强调，突出”与宾语 the affective or emotional component“情感或感情部分”搭配合理。而 prevail“流行，盛行；获胜”是不及物动词,prompt “推动；提示”在语义上也不合逻辑。
30[B]空格在名词 health 之后，可能填入副词或名词。因为空格后的 that the activity can bring“这项活动可以带来的”是定语从句，故应填入名词，充当从句先行词。第一段提到“你”知道溜旱冰是极好的运动(excellent exercise)，因此本句填入语义相关的 benefits “好处”。
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31[L]此处应填入谓语动词，构成～sb. to do sth.结构，主语 attitudes 表明该词是原形。符合要求的是 prompt “促使”，句子意思是“我们的态度促使我们去外面享受溜旱冰的乐趣”。
32 [E]空格前的 the 表明此处应填入名词，空格后 that 引导的是同位语从句，意为“这三个组成部分总是协调统一的”。impression“印象”符合上下文语义，指“我们不想给你留下这种印象”,呼应后文“它们并不是”。 33[H]空格在 work together 之后，故应填入副词。perfectly“完美地”符合语境，指这三个部分配合完美。上下文没有表示动作先后的描述，故 primarily“主要地，首先”不对。
34 [A]由 or 可知此处应填入与 eating 并列的动名词，意思上表示相反的情况，因此 avoiding“避免”正确，指“吃比萨还是不吃”。
35[J]空格前的 may 表明此处应填入动词原形，且是不及物动词。上一句提到情感部分可能更强的情形（probably will be stronger），本句指认知部分更强的情况，故填入与 be stronger 近义的 prevail“获胜”。
CET6-cloze-2016-6-2
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
The robotics revolution is set to bring humans face to face with an old fear—man-made creations as smart and capable as we are but without a moral compass. As robots take on ever more complex roles, the question naturally 26__________ : Who will be responsible when they do something wrong? Manufacturers? Users? Software writers? The answer depends on the robot.
Robots already save us time, money and energy. In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living. The 27__________ of computational power and engineering advances will 28__________ enable lower-cost in-home care for the disabled, 29__________ use of driverless cars that may reduce drunk- and distracted-driving accidents and countless home and service-industry uses for robots, from street cleaning to food preparation.
But there are 30__________ to be problems. Robot cars will crash. A drone (遥控飞行器) operator will 31__________ someone's privacy. A robotic lawn mower will run over a neighbor's cat. Juries sympathetic to the 32__________ of machines will punish entrepreneurs with company-crushing 33__________ and damages. What should governments do to protect people while 34__________ space for innovation?
Big, complicated systems on which much public safety depends, like driverless cars, should be built, 35__________ and sold by manufacturers who take responsibility for ensuring safety and are liable for accidents. Governments should set safety requirements and then let insurers price the risk of the robots based on the manufacturer's driving record, not the passenger's.
A. arisesB. ascendsC. boundD. combinationE. definite F. eventuallyG. interfereH. invadeI. manifestingJ. penalties
K. preservingL. programmedM. proximatelyN. victimsO. widespread
阅读参考答案
26 [A]空格位于句末，前面是副词naturally和主语thequestion,因此应填入不及物动词，充当句子谓语。由As从句中takeon所用的一般现在时，可知填入的动词应是第三人称单数。上文提到人们惧怕机器人缺乏道德界限(withoutamoralcompass),空格后是具体的问题，因此本句应表示问题自然“出现，引起”，故arises符合要求。另一个第三人称单数动词是ascends“上升；攀登”，与question搭配不当。
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27[D]由空格前的the和空格后的of可知此处应填入名词。介词of后是两个并列的名词结构：computationalpower“计算能力”和engineeringadvances“工程学发展”。由此可知名词中combination“结合体”符合语义逻辑。
28 [F]空格位于助动词will和谓语动词enable之间，故应填入副词。本句表示某物能够降低残疾人的家庭护理费用。副词中符合语义逻辑的是eventually“终于，最终”。
29[O]空格在名词use之前，故应填入形空词或分词。本句的结构是...useofdriverlesscarsandcountless...usesforrobots,因此填入的词与countless“无数的”语义相关，应指运用得“多”或“广”，故填入widespread“广泛的，普遍的”,指机器人最终将普遍运用在无人驾驶汽车、家用和服务业等方面。
30[C]空格处应填入分词或形容词，构成be...to的搭配。上文提到机器人最终会普遍运用，本句用but转折，提到problems“问题”，接着下文列举了具体的问题，因此空格处填入bound“肯定的，一定的”，指“问题肯定会有”。
31 [H]空格前的will表明此处应填入及物动词原形，与后面的名词privacy“隐私”构成搭配。invade“入侵，侵犯”符合要求，指无人机可能会“侵犯”别人的隐私。
32 [N]空格在the和of之间，故应填入名词。本句指陪审团对机器的……表示同情，会让企业家受到惩罚。上文说机器人会发生碰撞，无人机侵犯隐私，机器人割草机轧压邻居家的猫。这些都是机器的“受害者”，故victims“受害人，牺牲品”符合语义逻辑。
33 [J]空格前的company-crushing是复合形容词，表示“令公司压力大的，可摧毁公司的”，故应填入与damages“赔偿金”并列的名词，形式上也是复数，作punish的间接宾语。故penalties“罚金”符合要求。 34 [K]空格前的while是连词，故应填入动名词形式。由宾语space“空间”,可知搭配恰当的是preserving“保护，保留”，句子意为：政府在给创新“保留”空间时，应该做些什么来保护人们呢？
35[L]空格与过去分词built和sold并列，故也应是表被动的过去分词形式。本句指大型复杂系统(systems)应该由厂商创建……并销售。符合语义逻辑、并与systems搭配的是programmed“规划”。
CET6-cloze-2016-6-3
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development. \when he26__________ a real job.\To cognitive researchers like Piaget, adulthood meant the beginning of an27__________ .
Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work, their newly acquired ability to form hypotheses allows them to create representations that are too ideal. The28__________ of such ideals, without the tempering of the reality of a job or profession, rapidly leads adolescents to become29__________ of the non-idealistic world and to press for reform in a characteristically adolescent way. Piaget said: \reformer attempts to put his ideas to work.\
Of course, youthful idealism is often courageous, and no one likes to give up dreams. Perhaps, taken31__________ out of context, Piaget's statement seems harsh. What he was32__________ , however, is the way reality can modify idealistic views. Some people refer to such modification as maturity. Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is one of the best ways to modify idealized views and to mature.
As careers and vocations become less available during times of33__________ , adolescents may be especially hard hit. Such difficult economic times may leave many adolescents34__________ about their roles in society. For this reason, community interventions and government job programs that
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