内容发布更新时间 : 2025/2/25 19:18:03星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。
Unit 5 First aid
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2017·吉林省部分学校高三仿真检测)Say you're in the supermarket parking lot，holding your baby，bags of goods，and trying to open your car.A stranger walks up and says，“Here，let me hold your baby.” Should you let him?
According to a new New York University study，knowing whether or not to trust someone is so important that we can tell whether a face is trustworthy before we even consciously know it's there.The researchers knew from previous studies that people are fairly similar when it comes to how they judge a face's trustworthiness.They wanted to find out whether that would be true if people only saw a face for a quick moment—an amount of time so short that it would prevent making a conscious judgment.
To carry out their study，the researchers monitored the amygdala (扁桃腺结构) of 37 volunteers while showing them 300 faces for 33 milliseconds each.Those faces had already been tested with a different set of 10 subjects，who saw them for much longer.In those earlier tests，people agreed about whether to trust each face.In this new study，fascinatingly，different parts of the amygdala lit up when a subject saw an untrustworthy face and a trustworthy one—and it lit up more when the face in question was suspicious (可疑的)．
“Faces that appear likely to cause harm are suddenly tracked by the amygdala，so it could then quickly change other brain processes and make fast responses to people—approach or avoid，” says Jon Freeman，the study's senior author.“Our talents for making instant judgments could either come from birth or be learned from the social environment.”
So should you trust the guy in the parking lot？Your brain already knows. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。人们是否能在很短的时间内通过面容来判断别人是否可信呢？来看看与此相关的研究吧。
1．What is Paragraph 1 used to? A．To summarize the whole passage. B．To make the passage more interesting. C．To introduce the topic of the passage. D．To warn people to guard against strangers.
C [推理判断题。根据第一段的内容和第二段中的“According to a new New York University study，knowing whether or not to trust someone is so important that we
can tell whether a face is trustworthy before we even consciously know it's there”可知，第一段的内容就是用来引出本文的话题的。]
2．The amygdala lit up more clearly when people ． A．came across a neutral face mask B．saw an untrustworthy face C．met a reliable person D．saw a familiar face
B [细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句中的“different parts of the amygdala lit up when a subject saw an untrustworthy face and a trustworthy one—and it lit up more when the face in question was suspicious (可疑的)”可知，当人们看到一个可疑的面孔时，人们的扁桃腺结构会表现得更为活跃，因此答案为B项。]
3．What can we infer from Freeman's words? A．Brain processes cannot be changed. B．The amygdala tracks only faces of bad men. C．The amygdala decides the accuracy of judgments. D．The ability of making fast judgments can be acquired.
D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Our talents for making instant judgments could either come from birth or be learned from the social environment.”可知人们迅速作出判断的能力可以是天生的，也可以后天在社会环境中习得，因此答案为D项。]
4．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Is facial trustworthiness reliable?
B．You can judge a person even without being aware of it C．Your brain decides whether to trust people in milliseconds D．Can the amygdala reveal how people make automatic judgments?
C [标题判断题。阅读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究：人类在毫秒之内就能通过面容来判断出一个人是否值得信任。文章最后一句“Your brain already knows”也提供了明确的答题依据。]
Ⅱ.阅读填句
(2017·江西重点中学协作体高三联考)For many people，history classes are seen as no more than requirements for getting degrees in chemistry，biology，business，marketing，etc.1. Below are a few reasons why it's crucial that today's people continue to learn about the past.
Understanding where people come from plays a key role in understanding who they are. 2. For this reason，it's extremely important to learn history in order
2
to understand why people are the way that they are.
Through history classes，you can experience a shift in the way you think.3. It's important to developing minds to be able to consider problems from different angles.Finally，this shift can improve your ability to analyze and understand situations，to make educated decisions and to learn how to weigh the consequences related to each choice before you.
4． The idea that history repeats itself is rooted in truth.From wars to fashion to political trends，historians are often able to make predictions about the future based upon the past.By having a deep understanding of what happened in the past，today's people can better prepare for brighter futures by making the right decisions—instead of repeating old mistakes.
Many people may not believe that a degree in history can lead to a well-paying job.In fact，students who graduate with degrees in history can become lawyers，business owners，think tank (智囊团) members，educators，leaders in historical organizations，writers and so on.5.
A．Whichever you take，it can provide a comfortable life. B．Learning about history can change how you think. C．That means you look at things from a new point of view. D．Learning from the past prevents future mistakes.
E．The key to enjoying the study of history is to find classes that interest you.
F．But the truth is that studying history is a wonderful way to prepare for a successful future.
G．History has shaped cultures，attitudes and social structures；it has shaped the world and its citizens.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。作者主要解释了自己认为历史课很重要的原因。 1．F [上文提到，有很多人认为，历史课只是获得其他专业的学位的要求而已，而F项意为“但是事实上，学习历史是为一个成功的未来做好准备的极佳途径”，与上文形成转折关系，引出了作者自己的观点，并与下文作者提出的历史很重要的几点原因相呼应，符合语境。故选F。]
2．G [下文提到，正因为如此，为了理解人类的行为方式，学习历史是极其重要的，而G项意为“历史塑造了文化、态度和社会结构，它还塑造了整个世界和这个世界上的居民”，和下文形成因果关系，并与下文中的“understand why people are the way that they are”相呼应，符合语境。故选G。]
3