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2 My father had decided to take me for lunch to a restaurant. He wanted me to try my first oyster.
My father, who wanted me to try my first oyster had decided to take me for lunch to a restaurant.
3 The oyster was unlike anything I have ever tasted before or since. It was slippery.
The oyster, which was slippery, was unlike anything I have ever tasted before or since.
4 Chocolate is made from the beans of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao. Theobroma cacao means “food of the gods”.
Chocolate is made from the beans of the cacao tree, Theobroma cacao, which means “food of the gods”.
5 The world’s best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, didn’t appear until the end of the 19th century. Milk chocolate is sweeter and smoother than dark chocolate.
The world’s best-selling type of chocolate, milk chocolate, which is sweeter and smoother than dark chocolate, didn’t appear until the end of the 19th century.
6 Daniel Peter perfected the process of making milk chocolate. He was Swiss.
Daniel Peter, who was Swiss, perfected the process of making milk chocolate.
2 Rewrite the sentences.
1 ... all sorts of shellfish which were clinging onto each other ... ... all sorts of shellfish clinging onto each other ...
2 ... a battery of implements which were used to crack the shells ... ... a battery of implements used to crack and crush the shells ... 3 … a process which was first tried in 1825. … a process first tried in 1825.
4 Condensed milk is a thick, sweet milk which is sold in cans. Condensed milk is a thick, sweet milk sold in cans.
5 Hormones are a chemical substance which is produced by your body. Hormones are a chemical substance produced by your body.
word formation
3 Form new words with the following words and the prefixes/suffixes in the table.
non-: non-fiction non-smoker non-stop
-aholic: alcoholic， shopaholic， workaholic -sick: airsick， carsick，seasick -ful: helpful， spoonful
4 Answer the questions with the words you formed in Activity 3. What’s the word for ...
1 ... how you feel if sea makes you ill? (seasick) 2 ... someone who likes shopping a lot? (shopaholic)
3 ... what something is if it allows you to achieve something? (helpful) 4 ... a flight which goes directly from one place to another? (non-stop) 5 … someone who doesn’t smoke? (non-smoker)
6 ... writing which is about real people and events, not imaginary ones? (non-fiction)
5 Translate the sentences into Chinese.
1 Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea. It looked as gloomy as I felt.
外面，天空是灰色的，海面上刮来一阵强风。天气看起来和我的心情一样阴郁。
2 “Now, stop complaining, try one oyster for me, then you can have something nice and easy to eat, maybe some prawns with bread and
butter,” he suggested, striking a note of compromise for the first time during the whole meal. “好啦，别抱怨了，就给我尝一只牡蛎，然后你就可以吃些好吃的、顺口的东西，比如黄油、面包 加对虾。”他提议说。吃了这么长时间的饭，他的话里头一次有了妥协的意思。
3 But with the clear conception which only a ten-year-old boy can have, I still understood that the compromise included eating that oyster, sitting on the side of my father’s plate. 但是，尽管清晰地感觉到了他的妥协——只有一个十岁的男孩才有这样的感觉，我仍然明白这妥协 包含着吃掉那只牡蛎，那只放在我父亲的盘子边上的牡蛎。
4 The chocolate sets into bars which will easily snap into pieces and then melt in the mouth.
（添加了可可油后）巧克力凝固成易折断的条块，入口即化。
5 But what accounts for its amazing popularity or even the properties that have made millions of people confess to being chocaholics? 但是，是什么原因使得巧克力出奇地畅销？又是什么造成了巧克力的上瘾特性，致使无数人承认自 己是巧克力瘾君子呢？
6 Translate the sentences into English.
1 他们这儿不卖薯条，如果你想吃，得去肯德基或麦当劳。(serve) They don’t serve French fries here. If you want it, you have to go to a KFC or McDonald’s.
2 他拣起一个核桃，想用锤子把它砸开，可没想到却把它砸烂了。(crack; crush)
He picked up a walnut and tried to crack it with a hammer, but instead he crushed it.
3 当金子加热融化后，他们把金水倒进模子，铸成金条。(melt; mould) When the gold was heated and melted, they poured it into a mould to form a gold bar.
4 他承认是他打破了教室的窗玻璃。(admit to)
He admitted to breaking the window of the classroom. 5 令我们欣喜的是，新的经济计划开始对经济发展产生积极影响。(have…
effect on)
To our delight, the new economic policy is beginning to have a positive effect on the economy. Unit Three
Active Reading (2)
5 Complete the passage with the words in Activity 4.
Writing an essay requires a number of special skills. One of these is to (1) transfer information from different sources into a single, short document. Another is to present an argument which is (2) logical and easy to understand. And, of course, to be (3) effective an essay should be properly planned and researched. Luckily, the Internet can help you with this research. Most students these days (4) integrate their own reading of a subject with Internet searches. But it is not easy to use the Internet. You should always be (5) critical of what you find and not just use the first web page. A quick search of the Web for a particular topic may (6) generate thousands of hits, but you must be able to (7) identify the information you need. You should be able to (8) recall where you found it too, because it is important to refer to your sources of information. And finally, you need to be (9) creative – because an essay should be an original piece of work.
Language in use much
1 Match the sentences with the uses of much . I don’t think much of that. (b)
I much prefer people do as they’re told. (c)
Hardly anyone has been encouraged, much less trained, to think for themselves … (a)
2 Rewrite the sentences using not think much of.
1 I didn’t think that lesson was very good. I didn’t think much of that lesson.
2 None of us like the timetable we’ve been given for this term. None of us think much of the timetable we’ve been given for this term. 3 I’m afraid I’ve got strong doubts about what I’ve written. I’m afraid I don’t think much of what I’ve written. 4 Our professor is always criticizing this book. Our professor doesn’t think much of this book. 5 I don’t like the theme of this week’s essay. I don’t think much of the theme of this week’s essay.
6 I don’t agree with Honey and Mumford’s ideas about learning types. I don’t think much of Honey and Mumford’s ideas about learning types.
3 Rewrite the sentences adding much in the correct place. 1 I’d rather work in the library than in my room. I’d much rather work in the library than in my room. 2 Li would rather work with a friend than on her own. Li would much rather work with a friend than on her own.
3 Personally I prefer taking notes to being given photocopies. Personally I much prefer taking notes to being given photocopies.
4 Some people would rather start writing straight away than spend a lot of time reading.
Some people would much rather start writing straight away than spend a lot of time reading.
Now write two more sentences about your own study preferences. Use much rather and much prefer.
1 I would much rather listen to lectures than read the lecture notes. 2 I would much prefer asking questions after class to asking questions in class.
4 Rewrite the sentences using much less .