人教版九年级英语第八单元知识点总结

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人教版九年级英语第八单元知识点总结

Unit 8 It must belong to Carla.

一.单词

whose truck picnic rabbit attend valuable pink anybody happening noise policeman wolf uneasy laboratory outdoors coat sleepy land alien run after suit express all the same time circle Britain mystery receive historian leader midsummer medical purpose prevent energy position burial honor ancestor victory enemy period hard-working 情态动词表推测:语气+时态

(一)情态动词表推测的三种语气

1.在肯定句中一般用must (一定),may(可能),might / could(也许,或许)。

He must/may/might know the answer to this question?他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。

2.否定句中用can’t / couldn’t(不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。

It can’t/couldn’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.这不可能是校长,他去美国了。 3.疑问句中用can/could (能???)。

Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗?

(注:以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might, could并非may, can的过去式,而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。 (二)情态动词表推测的三种时态

1.对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。

She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。

2.对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词 + be”,“情态动词 +be doing”或“情态动词 + 动词原形”

(1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. (2)He can’t ( couldn’t ) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time.

(3)Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can ( could ) he be late for the opening ceremony ?布什先生一向准时,这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢?

3.对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。

(1)It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet.

(2)The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at home . 门锁着,他不可能/可能不在家。

(3)Can / Could he have gotten the book? 难道他找到书了吗? 总结:对某一次的推测句型有两部分:语气和时态 语气部分:(以下情态动词语气由强至弱) 肯定句:must、may、might(=could)

否定句:can’t(=couldn’t)、mayn’t、mightn’t 疑问句:can、could(语气更加委婉不确定) 时态部分:

be表示对现在的推测

have done表示对过去的推测 be doing表示对正在进行的推测

语气部分写在前时态部分写在后,组合在一起就是推测

There be 句型表推测

There+情态动词+be/do sth There+情态动词+be doing sth

There+情态动词+have done sth 二.1.attend/join/join in/take part in 1)join有两个用法:

(1)指加入某个党派,团体组织等,成为其成员之一,意为:“参军、入团、入党”等。如: ①When did your brother join the army? 你哥哥什么时候参军的? ②She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。

(2)和某人一道做某事,其结构为:join sb. in (doing) sth.,根据上下文,in (doing) sth. 也可以省去。如:

①Will you join us in the discussion? 你参加我们的讨论吗? ②He'll join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一道唱歌。

③We're going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us? 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗?

2)join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等,常用于日常口语。 ①Come along, and join in the ball game. 快,来参加球赛。

②Why didn't you join in the talk last night? 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈?

3)take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。

①We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation. 暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。

②We often take part in physical labor. 我们经常参加体力劳动。

【注意】take part in是惯用词组,part前一般不用冠词,但part前有形容词修饰时,要用不定冠词。如:

①Lincoln took an active part in polities and was strongly against slavery.林肯积极参加政治活动,强烈反对奴隶制。

4)attend是正式用语,及物动词,指参加会议,婚礼,葬礼,典礼;去上课,上学,听报告等。句子的主语只是去听,去看,自己不一定起积极作用。如:

①He'll attend an important meeting tomorrow.他明天要参加一个重要的会议。 ②I attended his lecture. 我听了他的讲课。 2.value相关 Value

名词

(1)价值(不可数名词)

①His advice is of great value to me. 他的忠告对我很有价值。 (2)益处,重要性(不可数名词)。

①In fact, sports and games can be of great value to people's health. 实际上,体育运动对人们的健康很有益处。

②We have already realized the value of good story books to children. 我们已经认识到好的故事书对孩子们的益处。 动词

①评价,尊重,重视

I value our friendship very much. 我非常尊重我们的友谊。

valuable (宝贵的,有价值的)和 invaluable (极宝贵的,极有价值的)并不是一对反义词,而是一对意义相近的词,后者比前者语气更强,相当于 extremely valuable。如: It was a valuable (an invaluable) painting. 那是一幅很有(极有)价值的画。

valuable (宝贵的,有价值的)与 valueless (无价值的,没有用的)是一对反义词。如: This jewellery is valueless; it is made of glass and ordinary metals. 这首饰不值钱,它是由玻璃和普通金属做的。

注:valueless 和 worthless 是同义词,均指“无价值的”、 “不值钱的”。 3.happen

a.表示“某地(某时)发生了什么事”,常用“sth.+ happen +地点/时间”这一结构来表达,此时主语应是事情。

The story happened in 2003. 这个故事发生在2003年。

An accident happened in that street. 那条街上发生了一起事故。

b.表示“某人出了某事(常指不好的事)”,要用“sth.+ happen+to sb.”这一结构来表达。 A car accident happened to her this morning. 今天上午她发生了交通事故。 What happened to you? 你怎么啦?

c.表示“某人碰巧做某事”,要用“sb.+ happen+ to do sth.”这一结构来表达。

I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一个朋友。

d.happen表示“碰巧或恰巧发生某事”时,还可用“It happens / happened that...”这一结构来表达。

It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. 碰巧那天布莱恩和彼得在家了。 It happened that he had to take part in a meeting that afternoon. 碰巧那天下午他不得不参加一个会议。

注:that从句中的主语是人时,此种结构可以与“sb.+ happen + to do sth.”结构互换。 It happened that Brian and Peter were at home that day. = Brian and Peter happened to be at home that day.

4.noise/sound/voice

sound泛指任何声音,不论其高低、是否悦耳等。如: I heard the sound of running water. 我听见流水声。 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。

noise表示“噪音、喧闹”,指的是人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声。它可以作可数名词,也可以用作不可数名词。如:

I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。 There's a lot of noise here. 这个地方人声嘈杂。

voice用于人时,指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音,也可指发言权。用于其它方面时,常含悦耳之声,如鸟鸣声,乐器声音等。如:

Please speak in a louder voice. 请大声说。 5.wolf

wife,knife,wolf,life,half,shelf,leaf,thief

这些可数名词由单数变复数时都是变f/fe为v,加-es.

这样记:妻子拿小刀要了狼的命,把它劈成了半,放在架子上,用树叶盖好,却被小偷偷走了

6.suit /fit/match均可表示“适合”。 1) fit“大小,尺寸”的适合:

The dress fitted her nicely. 这套裙子穿在她身上太合适了。 2) suit指“颜色,图案”的适合:

The color of the new dress suits my mother very well. 这件新衣服的颜色很适合我妈妈。

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