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International trade is the exchange of goods and services produced in one country for goods and services produced in another country. In addition to visible trade, which involves the import and export of goods and merchandise, there is also invisible trade, which involves the exchange of services between nations. Nations such as Greece and Norway have large maritime fleets and provide transportation service. This is a kind of invisible trade. Invisible trade can be as important to some nations as the export of raw materials or commodities is to others. In both cases, the nations earn the money to buy necessities.
(B)
There is no country in the world that can produce all the products it needs. Thus countries join in international division of labor for effective production and reproduction. Sometimes a country can buy goods and services from abroad on a barter （易货）basis. Barter means doing business by exchanging goods of one sort for goods of another sort without using money. Barter trade itself is not enough to meet a country’s import needs. But as a form of international trade, it is still attractive in developing countries where foreign exchange is in short supply and inflow of foreign funds is far from sufficient to meet their obligations in external trade.
(C)
There is only a small proportion of service activity in international trade. By their very nature, services are much less tradable than goods since services have to be consumed at the point where they are produced. This means that either the supplier of a service must move to where the consumer is located, or the consumer must move to where the producer is located. Only a small proportion of services are capable of being traded like goods with neither the producer nor the consumer being required to move. For example, transport services, banking, insurance and education.
(D)
Dear Sirs, Your company has kindly introduced to us by Mr Nelson, the president of Autos Company, as prospective buyers of Chinese Agricultural Machines. As this item falls within the scope of our business activities, we shall be pleased to enter into direct trade relations with you at an early date. To give you a general idea of the various kinds of products we handle, we enclose a brochure and a price list. Quotations and sample books will be airmailed to you on receipt of your specific enquiry. We look forward to your favorable reply. Yours faithfully, VIII. Translate the following letter into English: 敬启者： 你7月5日电动机的询盘收悉。 因该商品属中国进出口公司的经营范围，我们已将你方询盘转交他们办理，请直接就你们所需与他们联系。 借此机会，我们自我介绍，我们是经营中国工艺品出口业务的一家国营公司，并与各地的大商号建立了广泛的联系。 随函附上我们的最新目录和价目单，请查收。希望能和你方建立业务关系。 XX 谨上 Unit 3
I. Put the following Chinese into English: 询购。。。 接受报盘 递价 大使馆 代理 工艺 手工制作 支付条款 兹答复 与。。。有联系 向。。。订购 现成市场 立即处理 市场需求（口味） 用现款（支付） 稳定需求 （商品）在出售中 给。。。报盘
II. Multiple choice:
1. We thank you for your letter of March 12 and the _____ catalogue.
a. sent b. enclosed c. given d. presented 2. The letter we sent last week is an enquiry _____ color TV sets.
a. about b. for c. of d. as
3. If you are interested, we will send you a sample lot _____ charge.
a. within b. with c. for d. free of
4. While _____ an enquiry, you ought to enquire into quality, specifications and price etc.
a. making b. offering c. bidding d. sending 5. They found an opportunity to purchase six leather shoes. a. thousands pairs b. thousand pair of c. thousands of pair d. thousand pairs of
6. What kind of products do you think particularly interested ? a. are they, in b. they are, in c. are they, / d. they are, /
7. It may interest you to know that there is a good demand here for Chinese Black Tea
_____ prices.
a. at moderate b. in cheap c. for low d. on dear
8. Please reply as soon as possible, the earliest shipment date and terms of
payment.
a. stated b. as stated c. stating d. state 9. We enquire glassware available export.
a. for, to b. for, for c. to, for d. of, about 10. We are pleased your enquiry of July 15 for our toys. a. to receiving b. as received c. receiving d. to have
11. We would not give you any lower price you could place an order for more than
500 tons.
a. expect b. until c. unless d. besides
12. There is a steady demand in Europe leather gloves high quality. a. for, with b. for, of c. at, with d. in, of
13. We some brochures to illustrate the types of materials we manufacture.
a. enclose you, / b. enclose, you c. enclose, / d. enclose, to you
III. Fill in the following blanks with the given words in their proper forms:
offer enquire/enquiry bid 1. China’s _____ for the 2008’s Olympic Games has been successful. 2. It is impossible for us to keep our _____ open for more than one week.
3. We are keeping your _____ in mind and will revert to it when goods are available.
4. As the prices _____ are exceptionally low and likely to rise, we would advise you to place
your order without delay.
5. If we ask the buyers for a _____, most probably they will name a low price. 6. We have only limited stock, which is under _____ elsewhere. 7. The company _____ about the development of the local market.
8. At your request, we’re now making you a firm _____ for 1,000 color TV sets.
9. The articles you _____ for are handled by Daliang Light Industrial Products Imp./Exp.
Corporation.
10. If your quantity is considerably large, we can _____ you a discount of 10% on list prices.
IV. Put the following sentences into Chinese:
1. We were advised by Mr. John King that you were interested in supplying men’s leather shoes.
2. Please send us your best offer by fax indicating packing, specifications, quantity available and earliest time of delivery.
3. You must take into consideration when quoting a price that we may place regular orders
for large quantities.
4. Your enquiry of January 10 has been referred to us for attention as we are the exporters of the
articles you require.
5. Our associates in the packaging industry speak highly of your Zeta packing machines and
we would like to have more information about them.
6. We hope that your prices will be workable and that business will materialize to our mutual
advantage.
7. We look forward to placing further orders with you, and trust that you will make every
effort to satisfy our particular requirements.
8. I would appreciate your sending me an up-to-date pricelist for building materials. 9. If you can supply goods of the type and quality required, please make us a firm offer and
quote your lowest prices.
10. As we are in the market for Men’s Leather Gloves, we should be pleased if you would send
us your best quotation.
V. Put the following sentences into English: 1. 您能告诉我贵公司可供出口的主要产品吗？(item)
2. 能否给我们报英国伦敦成本保险费加运费最低价？(to quote / CIF)
3. 如你方报价具有竞争性且交货期可接受，我们将很高兴向你订货。(to place order with) 4. 从你方5月5日来信中我们很高兴得悉你们对我缝纫机感兴趣。(to be interested in) 5. 敬请告知贵公司可供应的上等白砂糖(refined sugar)数量和价格。(can deliver) 6. 请寄来贵公司产品最新样品并附价格，我们不胜感激。(to appreciate) 7. 倘若价格有竞争性，我方已有现成买主，相信能大批量订货。(ready buyers) 8. 上述货物不能供现货.(available from stock)
9. 如你方价格优惠,我们将乐于向你方订购60箱茶. (favorable)
10. 我方对进口你方产品很有兴趣，如有可能请向我方提供目录、价格单和样品。(catalogue, price list,
sample)
VI. Supply the missing words in the blanks of the message:
Your e____(1) of October 10 is receiving our attention, and we thank you for your i____(2) in our products.
A copy of our illustrated export c____(3) will be sent to you today, together with a range of samples of the various skins used in the m____(4) of our gloves and shoes. We think the colors will be just what you want for the fashionable trade, and the beauty and elegance of our d____(5), coupled with the superb w____(6), should a____(7) to the discriminating buyers.
Our r____(8), Mr. J. Needham, will be in Paris next week and will be pleased to call on you with a full r___(9) of samples of our hand-made lines. He is authorized to discuss the terms of an order with you or to negotiate a contract.
We look forward to receiving an o____(10) from you.
VII. Read the following short passages or letters and then translate them into
Chinese:
（A） Dear Sirs, Re: Enquiry No. 2231 We are pleased at the signing of the trade agreement between our two countries some time ago, which, we believe, will be of far-reaching significance in the development of our bilateral trade. We are now in the market computers mentioned in the attached list and shall appreciate it if you will airmail to us at your earliest convenience your best quotation CIF Shanghai Port showing full particulars as to specifications and time of delivery along with three copies of descriptive literature in English.