内容发布更新时间 : 2024/12/24 8:46:05星期一 下面是文章的全部内容请认真阅读。
Directions：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.
本题得分：--/10分
Commandments (戒律) of American Culture
A This passage focuses on ten very common sayings that will help you understand American culture. Of course these ten sayings, which I have called the \Commandments of American Culture,\not really \They have no religious or moral authority like the \Commandments\of the Bible do for Jews and Christians. However, if you break any of these \commandments,\most Americans will think you do not fit very well in America.
B Success is probably the most praised thing in American life. It relates to many other characteristics of American life like individualism, freedom and optimism. Americans want to \a success of themselves.\This is the \Dream\which has attracted millions of immigrants and been taught to generations of American children. Everyone wants to be a success at something. If you do not think that way, you may be considered a failure. It is almost impossible to criticize success. For example, if an employee does something without properly consulting his superior, and as a result the company gets a big contract with a new customer, the employee will get more praise than blame. The success of getting the new contract is more important than the failure to consult a superior.
C Americans love freedom and privacy (隐私). It means we love to be left alone. We don't want anyone interfering in our affairs, giving us advice, or trying to run our lives. We want people to \let live\should be listed as the first commandment of American culture, even more important than success. It means that no one should object to anyone else's way of living. If you like opera and I like country music, it is fine. If you want to get married and I want to live with someone without marrying her, it is fine too. Neither of us should try to influence the other or object to the way the other lives. If we are not tolerant of other people, we may damage their dignity.
D Americans try to have as much fun as possible. Much of our fun comes through various entertainment, especially TV. But we also try to turn other activities into fun. Shopping is fun. Eating is fun, and in case it is not enough fun, we will put a playground inside the fast food restaurant so the kids can have fun playing while the grown-ups have fun sitting and eating. People try to get a job which is fun (though not many succeed). In most situations Americans are very time-conscious. However, we forget to watch the clock when we are having fun. That is why \flies,\
E Many Americans shop as a form of recreation. Even if we are not shopping for anything in particular, we simply enjoy looking at all the options. We love the whole process of choosing
what to buy and where to buy it. It is a major topic of social conversation. If you want to impress an American friend, convince him or her that you are a \
F We are people of action. We do not like too much planning which seems a waste of time. We do not like rules and regulations that prevent action. We strongly dislike authority structures where people are expected to inform several other people before they do anything. We get an idea and we want to just do it. Action is seen as the key to success. Action is more valuable than planning, checking regulations, or informing people.
G Americans are always seeking to gain something or improve something. We expect to have to work to achieve our goals. Success usually involves pains and sacrifice. It will not happen by itself. We look down on people who often complain about how hard something is. The ones we admire are the ones who know what they want and do not mind the pains it takes to get it.
H Human rights and dignity are so basic to American thinking that we assume everyone else must think the same way. This saying implies the commandment, %up for your rights.\In the American Revolution, America as a nation said to Britain, %us for long enough. You will not rule us any more.\live,\push it away.
I The idea that time is money has gotten into our minds so deeply that it affects our whole lives. Wasting time is as bad as wasting money, so we schedule everything and we hurry everywhere. We often signal the end of a phone conversation or a meeting by saying, \take up any more of your time.\if you have nothing else to do for the rest of the day. You will be breaking the Eighth Commandment of American culture, \
J We obey rules most of the time, but we see rules as someone else's idea of how we should do things. We think the rule might have been appropriate in some other situation but it might not be appropriate for our situation now. Therefore, we break it and do what we think is a better idea. This saying implies the commandment, \obey rules.\
K In a list of \commandment rather than the last one. But in American culture, God actually does come at the end of the list. For most Americans, God is much less a concern than success, money and time. God helps those who help themselves could mean that God blesses people who work hard, or it could mean, \saying points to the commandment, \
46.Americans are mostly time-conscious, but they don't notice how time flies when enjoying themselves. D 正确答案为：D
你的答案为： 你没有作答。 本小题得分： 0分 解析：D
本文D段提到美国人生活中充满了乐趣，吃饭，购物，甚至工作都是乐趣。第7句开始讲的是美国人在大多数情况下是很有时间观念的，但是一旦处在享受快乐的状态，就会感到时间过得很快（In most situations Americans are very time-conscious. However, we forget to watch the clock when we are having fun. That is why \）。
47.An employee will probably be praised if he makes a decision without consulting his leader so long as he brings more costomers. B 正确答案为：B
你的答案为： 你没有作答。 本小题得分： 0分 解析：B
文中B部分强调美国社会推崇成功。从第三自然段所给事例可以推断，下属在没有请示上司的情况下，只要给公司带来更多客户，就会得到赞扬。(For example, if an employee does something without properly consulting his superior, and as a result the company gets a big contract with a new customer, the employee will get more praise than blame.)
48.Americans hate rules. They make rules and they also break the rules. J 正确答案为：J
你的答案为： 你没有作答。 本小题得分： 0分 解析：J
本文F部分和J部分都提到rules，但F部分强调美国人注重行动，所以不喜欢rules限制行动，而J部分强调美国人会制定rules，但不能一成不变，所以要break the rules。(This saying implies the commandment, \49.Americans enjoy shopping as well as talking about shopping. E 正确答案为：E
你的答案为： 你没有作答。 本小题得分： 0分 解析：E
本文D，E部分都提到美国人把购物作为娱乐来享受，但只有E部分提到购物过程亦是社交场合的主要话题。(We love the whole process of choosing what to buy and where to buy it. It is a major topic of social conversation.)
50.Live and let live. That also means when Americans couldn't stand the ruler, they declared the separation from him. H 正确答案为：H
你的答案为： 你没有作答。 本小题得分： 0分 解析：H
本文C部分和H部分都提到了Live and let live，但只有H部分提到了美国独立战争。(In the American Revolution, America as a nation said to Britain, %us for long enough. You will not rule us any more.\51.Doing can bring you success, but talking can't. F 正确答案为：F
你的答案为： 你没有作答。 本小题得分： 0分 解析：F
本文F部分强调美国人看重行动，看轻计划，规章等等形式上的东西。要想取得成功，只有采取行动。(Action is seen as the key to success. Action is more valuable than planning, checking regulations, or informing people.)
52.Americans think that time is so precious that a long meeting, or a long telephone call is a waste of time. I 正确答案为：I
你的答案为： 你没有作答。 本小题得分： 0分 解析：I
美国人认为浪费时间就像浪费金钱一样可耻。文中I部分提到美国人打电话，开会等都不会占用太多时间。(We often signal the end of a phone conversation or a meeting by saying, \take up any more of your time.\
53.Everyone lives a life in his own way which should be respected by the others. C 正确答案为：C
你的答案为： 你没有作答。 本小题得分： 0分 解析：C