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2018届湖南省长望浏宁四县高三3月联合调研考试
英 语
注意事项：
1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形 号码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
位 封座2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草 稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
密 4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
号场第I卷（选择题）
不考一、完形填空
A few years ago, Adina Lichtman was handing out sandwiches on the streets of New York City to help people experiencing homelessness. One man, _______ for the sandwich, approached her and _________ 订 some surprising insight（见识）.
“It's great that you're _________ sandwiches,” he said, “but one thing we really _______ is socks, especially as winter approaches.”
装 号证“Here I was, sandwiches in _________, assuming I knew the best way to help people, when in reality, 考准helping is about _________, and hearing the needs of different communities,” Lichtman said. “It was a 只 powerful _________, and I wanted to put it into _________.”
She began that night, with a _________ step: going door-to-door on the floor of her __________ at New York University, asking ________ classmates if they could each just donate just one pair of their own socks 卷 to someone ________ home.
She got 40 pairs of socks in a single __________, from a single floor. The next morning she opened her 名姓door to find a huge __________ of socks that other people had donated.
此 “College students love to do __________, but sometimes they need a literal（实实在在的）knock on their __________ to do so. And almost everyone has a(n) __________ pair of socks they can donate,” Lichtman said.
级That morning Lichtman ________ kicked off Knock Knock, Give a Sock, a new nonprofit organization 班that has now __________ over 350,000 pairs of socks for the homeless in cities and states across America. It is also now Lichtman's full-time job.
When it gets cold out, __________ about what you use to bundle up—scarves, hats, gloves—that includes socks and shoes, too.
1．A. searching B. wishing C. preparing D. reaching 2．A. offered
B. shared
C. claimed
D. declared
3．A. taking out B. finding out C. picking out D. giving out 4．A. buy B. need C. donate D. supply 5．A. bag
B. hand C. box
D. mouth 6．A. serving B. asking C. assisting D. listening 7．A. lesson B. shock C. hit
D. struggle 8．A. use
B. practice
C. action
D. consideration
9．A. simple B. meaningful C. dangerous D. brave 10．A. campus B. building C. street D. dormitory 11．A. kind B. fellow C. rich D. friendly 12．A. with B. from C. at
D. without 13．A. week B. day C. night D. year 14．A. pile
B. pair
C. car
D. step 15．A. wrong B. harm C. good D. well 16．A. wall
B. face
C. door D. back 17．A. expensive B. extra C. cheap
D. valuable
18．A. carefully B. rudely C. officially D. happily 19．A. made B. created C. bought D. provided 20．A. think B. tell
C. figure
D. care
二、阅读理解
A
LONDON (Reuters)——Organic fruit, delivered right to the doorstep. That is what Gabriel Gold prefers, and he is willing to pay for it. If this is not possible, the 26-year-old computer technician will spend the extra money at the supermarket to buy organic food.
“Organic produce is always better,” Gold said, “The food is free of pesticides (农药), and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not, it is locally grown and seasonal, so it is more tasty. ” Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business. But how many shoppers really know what they are getting, and why are they willing to pay a higher price for organic
produce? Market research shows that Gold and others who buy organic food can generally give clear reasons for their preferences—but their knowledge of organic food is far from complete. For example, small amounts of pesticides can be used on organic products. And about three quarters of organic food in Britain is not local but imported to meet growing demand. “The demand for organic food is increasing by about one third every year, so it is a very fast-growing market.\
21．More and more people in Britain are buying organic food because ________. A. they consider the food free of pollution B. they can get the food anywhere C. they are getting richer D. they like home-grown fruit
22．Which of the following statements is TRUE to the facts about most organic produce sold in Britain? A. It grows indoors all year round. B. It is grown on family farms. C. It is produced outside Britain. D. It is produced on large farms.
23．What is the meaning of the underlined words “the organic trend” in Paragraph2? A. Higher prices of organic food. B. Better quality of organic food. C. Rising market of organic food. D. Growing interest in organic food.
B
When I was 5, my father worked the night shift as a nurse in a hospital. He was always carrying his stethoscope (听诊器) so naturally, so I called him “Dr. Saldivar” while I pressed his stethoscope against his chest. But my father, as a humble man, was always correcting me: “I am not a doctor, son, but you can be one.” I grew up feeling like I had no limits because of moments like this, which has helped me take risks personally and professionally in spite of the hardships I had to endure.
Being born to Mexican immigrants meant that my parents had to work very hard to provide for my family and I had to learn to struggle through school paperwork on my own, because my parents' English was limited and they couldn't always be there motivating us through the process. If I wanted to succeed academically, my perseverance, and strength would be tested.
Perseverance, strength and good education are the gateway to success. And this is especially true when you look at the obstacles that Latinos have to overcome to succeed in public schools. For instance, while the national high school dropout (辍学) rate has decreased significantly, we still have the highest dropout rate in the country. We are more likely to live in poverty and attend racially separated schools. These issues create many other problems for Latinos.
To help relieve my family burden, I found my first job when I was 14 at a local hotel. Despite the long hours on my new job, I worked hard. Meanwhile, I continually stressed the importance of getting a respectable education and did everything possible to get one step closer to making my dream a reality.
Nearly a decade later, I became the first in my family to graduate from the University of Southern California. Knowing the social, economic, and political struggles that a community faces, I began to pursue journalism to give the disadvantaged minorities a voice.
24．What inspired the author when he was a child?
A. His curiosity about the stethoscope. B. A nurse in his father's hospital. C. The encouraging words from his father. D. The hardships he suffered. 25．The example in the third paragraph given by the author suggests ________. A. more Latinos are receiving higher education in America B. racial separation has long been forbidden in America C. American education system is better constructed D. Latino immigrants are still facing many problems
26．The author chose to become a journalist, hoping to ________. A. speak for the disadvantaged Latinos B. enjoy a different life C. show his success as a Latino D. repay the sacrifice his parents made 27．What can we learn from the author’s experience? A. Immigration is an approach to personal success. B. American Dream is difficult for the Latinos to achieve. C. Disadvantaged Latinos are still facing many challenges. D. Good education is a way to successful life.
C
Cities are likely to be affected by overheating, thanks to something called the urban heat island effect. Cities tend to be short of trees, which provide shade, and they are covered with black pavement, which absorbs heat from the sun. Think of how it feels to wear a dark shirt versus a white shirt on a sunny day. A black shirt absorbs light, heating you up. But a white shirt reflects light, keeping you cool.
The average temperature in a city of a million or more people can be more than 5 degrees F hotter than surrounding areas. That extra 5 degrees can turn a hot day from uncomfortable to deadly. As temperatures rise, cities will be an especially dangerous place to be during a heat wave. To protect public health, city officials are going to make the city cooler.
As part of that effort, Los Angeles is coating its roads in CoolSeal, a gray paint that keeps streets and parking lots 10 degrees cooler than black asphalt（沥青）. It will help Angelinos save money during the summer, when air conditioning sends power bills soaring（猛增）. And it will save lives by lowering temperatures and improving air quality. Hot weather worsens air pollution by turning car exhaust into smog, which can make life miserable for people with asthma（哮喘）and other breathing problems.
Of course, LA will have to do more than paint over a few streets to cool off the city. Angelinos will also need to plant more trees and apply white paint to rooftops—at least those not already covered in solar panels. While LA is a pioneer of reflective streets, other cities, like New York, are already experimenting with reflective roofs or, like Melbourne, lowering the temperature by planting trees. LA is hardly alone in its effort to stay cool.
“This is an urgent challenge, and it's much bigger than one person,” said Mayor Garcetti in a recent statement. “Climate change is a fact of life that people in Los Angeles and cities around the world live with every day.”
28．The urban heat island effect results from ________. A. planting more trees in the streets
B. furnishing every house with air conditioners C. applying reflective paint to rooftops D. covering the streets with white paint
29．What should the city officials emphasize during hot summer? A. When to coat the roads with black paint. B. Where to wear a white shirt. C. How to cool the city.
D. When to cut off the electricity supply.
30．What benefit can people gain from the use of CoolSeal? A. Making life easier and more comfortable. B. Promoting the sale of air conditioners. C. Increasing the indoor activities. D. Reducing the number of cold days. 31．What’s the main idea of the passage?
A. L.A. adopted many approaches to fight against the heat. B. L.A. is painting its streets white to keep the city cool. C. L.A. has begun to plant trees in the streets.
D. L.A. calls on people to fight against global warming.
D
A new keyboard can tell whether you are its owner. The keyboard records information about the typing pattern and sends it to a computer program. The program then checks to see if the pattern matches the right user. If not, an alarm sounds, and the computer locks the typist out. It locks out anyone else, even if the person knows password. What’s more, this device needs no batteries. It harvests all the energy it needs from the action of your typing. Besides, the keyboard is also self-cleaning and the keys are free of damage from water, oil and dirt.
The keys of the new keyboard are made of the same inexpensive plastic that might be found on any other standard keyboard. But instead of being smooth, the keys have millions of tiny plastic nanowires（纳米线）on their surface area to every key, increasing the effective contact area between the plastics and fingers. This ensures that there's enough power to run the keyboard as someone types.
Liming Dai, a scientist, did not work on the new keyboard, but he thinks the design could be important in getting better performance from a variety of devices. “It could also be applied to a touch screen, for instance,” Dai says. “Then smart phones and notepads could harvest energy from the action of someone typing or drawing.”
“Future work might make the keyboard even more useful,” Dai adds. “A later design might build tiny capacitors（电容器）onto the nanowires,” he suggests. Capacitors are little devices that temporarily store electric charges. Those might then LEDs to light a Keyboard in the dark.
Zhonglin Wang is a co-designer of the new keyboard. His team has built a working model of the keyboard. “If a company decides to fund（投资）its production, this keyboard could be in stores in as little as two years,” says Wang.
32．How does the new keyboard tell whether you are its owner? A. By matching the typing pattern to the right user. B. By sending alarms to a computer program. C. By checking the right user's passwords.
D. By recording information about the typing pattern. 33．Why are there many nanowires on the surface of the keys? A. To increase the effective contact area. B. To improve the speed of typing. C. To make the keys smooth. D. To help produce power.