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2017年上海高考各区一模题型汇总------- 阅读理解部分
宝山区一模
(A)
It dawned on me recently that I am the only person in my family who doesn‘t benefit from having a mother in the house.
This was not only the case for me, but for a large number of fellow countrymen, including one friend who felt so bad one night that she got out of bed and cleaned her house in case the medical examiner had to come. (He didn‘t.)
―I want my mommy‖ indeed could be read throughout the cold, snowy descriptions of winter‘s Facebook, where many middle-aged women are known to go for comfort.
This translates as: ―I want a constant supply of homemade soup without asking for it.‖
Also: ―I want someone who can put her hand on my forehead and know within a degree what my temperature is.‖
More than anything, the desire for mommy translates into a longing for selfless constancy, for the all-knowing, all-knowing mother with a cold cloth in her hand, who never leaves the bedside except to go to the bathroom.
The image of the mother nurse at the sick bed-think Gone With the Wind’s Melanie in the Civil War hospitals-is one of a perfect, warmhearted wisdom soldiers‘ holy person and medicine woman, a la Joan of Arc, Mother Teresa and Pocahontas rolled into one. She is a supernatural being who knows, without the help of Google, when her patient should go to the doctor and when she should stay in bed, which illness needs a warm bath and which needs a warm shower…
Now, to be fair: let me say that my good friend made soup for me-twice-while I was ill. My goddaughter, a nurse practitioner, texted every day, several times a day, from several states away. My husband often came home from work in the middle of the day to check on me. One night, which so happened to be an outdoor celebration , when I was at my most miserable and convinced it was time for the emergency room, my family gathered around me on the bed with red beans and rice．
There‘s nothing quite like a mother in situations like these. Literature knows it. History knows it. Even current studies show that mothers are still 10 times more likely than their husbands to leave work to tend to sick children and five times more likely to take the sick child to the doctor, like a kid than a mother these days, continuously circling my sick bed, meowing for food while I suffer in a pile of cough drop wrappers.
There is hope: I asked my primary care provider, who is a woman and a mother, at my office visit midway through my illness, if she would be my mommy.
She threw her head back and laughed.
56. What does the underlined word ―She‖ refer to in Paragraph7? A. Melanie B. la Joan of Arc C. Mother Teresa D. Pocahontas 57. We can conclude from the writer, Mother can possibly do the following Except________. A. Supplying homemade soup regularly without asking for it. B. Diagnosing whether her child runs a high fever with her hand. C. Offering her children a helping hand when necessary.
D. Never leaving her husband‘s bedside except going to the bathroom
58. The writer mentions her friend, daughter and husband, which implies that________. .
A. her daughter has much less experience than her husband in looking after patients B. her husband comforted her much less than her daughter.
C. though they looked after her well, they couldn‘t replace the role of Mother. D. compared with literature, history and current studies, they have done better. 59. As a whole, this passage suggests the writer________. A. misses her dead mother B. hopes to get comfort and care from her mother C. blames her mother for being out D. needs her mother‘s help with housework 56.A 57. D 58. B 59. B
(B)
Read the following tips given by the different consultants. Alice A university degree is no guarantee of a job, and job hunting in itself requires a whole set of skills. If you find you are not getting past the first interview, ask yourself what is happening. Is it a failure to communicate or are there some skills you lack? Once you see patterns emerging it will help you decide whether the gaps you have identified can be filled relatively easily. If you cannot work out what the mismatch is, get back to the selection board with more examining questions, and find out what you need to do to bring yourself up to the level of qualification that would make you more attractive to them: but be careful to make this sound like a genuine request rather than a challenge or complaint. Paul Do not be too dispirited if you are turned down for a job, but think about the I reasons the employers give. They often say it is because others are ?better qualified‘, but they use the term loosely. Those who made the second interview, might have been studying the same subject as you and be of similar ability level, but they had something which made them a closer match to the selector‘s ideal. That could be experience gained through projects or vacation work, or it might be that they were better at communicating what they could offer. Do not take the comments at face: value: think back to the interviews that generated them and make a list of where you think the shortfall in your performance lies. With this sort of analytical approach you will eventually get your foot in the door. Rebecca Deciding how long you should stay in your first job is a tough call. Stay too long and future employers may question your drive and ambition. Of course, it depends where you are aiming. There can be advantages in moving sideways rather than up, if you want to gain real depth of knowledge. If you are a graduate, spending five or six years m the same job is not too long provided that you take full advantage of the experience. However, do not use this as an excuse for indifference. Graduates sometimes fail to take ownership of their careers and take the initiative. It is up to your will to make the most of what‘s available within a company, and to monitor your progress in case you need to move on. This applies particularly if you are still not sure where your career path lies. Smith It is helpful to think through what kind of experience you need to get your dream job and it is
not a problem to move around to a certain extent. But in the early stages of your career you need a definite strategy for reaching your goal, so think about that carefully before deciding to move on from your first job. You must cultivate patience to master any role. There is no guarantee that you will get adequate training, and research has shown that if you do not receive proper help in a new role, it can take 18 months to master it. 60. It can be concluded from the passage that the consultants intend to help graduates A. figure out a qualified consultant B. work out the mismatch C. start out on their career path D. make out future employers 61. The following statements made by consultants are true Except________. A. Make sure your approach for information is positive in tone.
B. Some information you are given may not give a complete picture. C. You should demonstrate determination to improve your job prospects. D. Keep your initial objective in mind when you are planning to change jobs.
62. Who suggests that graduates should stay happy in spite of defeats among the following consultants? A . Alice B. Paul C. Rebecca D. Smith 60. C 61. D 62. B
(C)
From winning a complex war to developing a life-saving drug: there are so many things that can only be achieved if people work together in harmony. They can then achieve impressive performances that also benefit the individual. So, why do colleagues or others so often make things difficult for one another? Experimental research carried out by De Dreu has shown that greed and fear are the basic reasons determining problems with teamwork. ―People are afraid that their contribution will mainly benefit those people who themselves contribute nothing. That‘s why people hold back and invest in self-protection rather than cooperation.‖
De Dreu examined the strategies people use to maximize the benefits for themselves and to reduce the risk of being exploited. He conducts experiments where the participants can invest in self-protection or attacks on others, or they can choose to do nothing. When motivated by greed, people seem to invest mainly in self-protection and less in attacks on others. ―Fear is almost always present as a brake on cooperation, but it‘s more difficult to predict when greed will crop up.‖ The puzzle is that fear among rival groups tends to result in people working better together. ―It seems to happen almost automatically, often without it even being discussed.‖
As Professor of Employment and Organisation Psychology at the University of Amsterdam, De Dreu has conducted a lot of research on cooperation within organizations. In Leiden he intends to approach the subject at a higher level of abstraction. ―We know a lot about what makes the best kind of leaders. Now I want to examine what our brain looks like when we are working together. I‘m interested in that because cooperating with one another relies on very basic systems that we also use for other tasks, such as child-rearing.‖
He intends to use brain scans to look at which neurohormones (神经激素) play a role in cooperation, such as the ―hug hormone (荷尔蒙)‖ oxytocin（催生素）. Is more oxytocin produced when people are working together successfully? And can you influence cooperation by administering an amount of this hormone? ―This neurobiological approach has only really been used by psychologists in the past five years, and there are a lot of important research questions that have to be answered.‖
De Dreu draws attention to his multidisciplinary approach. He is. also interested in the effect of such ―institutions‖ as religion and legislation because these have an obvious influence on our behavior. He will be working together with fellow scientists from other disciplines: sociologists, political scientists, legal specialists, religious experts and also biologists who will be examining the behavior of rats, for example.
De Dreu doesn‘t exclude the possibility that he will again be conducting some of his research in organizations. Until then he would welcome any managers would be willing to take part in his neurobiological research. ―I would love it if a lot of managers were willing to have scans while making decisions about their companies. But then they‘d have to come in their masses, and that‘s not to easy to achieve.‖
63. What does the phrase ―child-rearing‖ in paragraph 3 refer to? A. One of the basic systems that we work with one another. B. One of the tasks our human beings need to be finished. C. One of the questions that people have to be answered. D. One of the examples lies in people‘s self-protection
64. The experiments conducted by De Dreu imply the following statements Except________. A. Teamwork happens automatically if panic exists among rival groups. B. People will invest in self-protection when driven by greed.
C. Some basic systems in our brain help us work with one another.
D. More oxytocin is produced when people maximize the benefits for themselves.
65. It can be inferred from the passage that De Dreu uses a wide variety of methods to research ________.
A. what our brain looks like B. why people don‘t often cooperate in teamwork C. how religion and rules work well together D. how managers react in the scanner 66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A. Experiments on. Different people B. Research on brain scans and role of religion C. Greed and fear restrict cooperation D. Hormone influences our behavior 63. A 64. D 65. B 66. C
2017年崇明区高考一模试题汇总
(A)
A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds is bound to make an impression. But in Mary Fields‘ case, these features were outmatched by a heart of gold that made her legendary(传奇的).
Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, not even a date of birth. However, in her early years, she found something of truly lasting value—a friend named Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write, an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America‘s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world.
Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun （修女）in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus‘ girls‘ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying, cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years, though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.