涓�銆?/p>
A Working Community
5
銆?/p>
None of us, mind you, was born into these communities. Nor did we move into them, U-Hauling our possessions along with us. None has papers
to prove we are card-carrying members of one such group or another. Yet it seems that more and more of us are identified by work these days, rather
than by street.
鍊煎緱涓�鎻愮殑鏄紝鎴戜滑娌℃湁璋佷竴鍑虹敓灏卞睘浜庤繖浜涚ぞ鍖猴紝涔熶笉鏄悗鏉ユ垜浠惉浜嗚繘鏉ャ�傝繖浜涜韩浠芥槸鎴戜滑闅忚韩鎼哄甫鐨勶紝娌℃湁浜哄彲浠ユ嬁
鍑烘枃浠惰瘉鏄庢垜浠槸杩欎釜鎴栭偅涓兢浣撶殑浼氬憳鍗℃寔鏈夎�呫�傜劧鑰岋紝涓嶇煡涓嶈涓汉浠殑韬唤鏇村�惧悜浜庡悇鑷墍浠庝簨鐨勫伐浣滐紝鑰屼笉鏄儚浠ュ線涓�鏍风敱瀹跺涵
浣忓潃鏉ョ晫瀹氥�?/p>
6
銆?/p>
In the past, most Americans live in neighborhoods. We were
members of precincts or parishes or school districts. My dictionary still defines
communtiy, first of all in geographic terms, as 鈥渁 body of people who live in one place.鈥?/p>
杩囧幓澶у鏁板郊閭昏�屽眳鐨勭編鍥戒汉褰兼鏄悓涓�涓鍖恒�佹暀鍖恒�?/p>
鏍″尯鐨勬垚鍛樸�備粖澶╃殑璇嶅吀渚濈劧棣栧厛浠庡湴鐞嗙殑瑙掑害鏉ュ畾涔夌ぞ鍖猴紝绉颁箣涓?/p>
鈥?/p>
涓�涓敱灞呬綇鍦ㄥ悓涓�鍦版柟鐨勪汉缁勬垚鐨勭兢浣?/p>
鈥?/p>
銆?/p>
7
銆?/p>
But today fewer of us do our living in that one place; more of us just use it for sleeping. Now we call our towns 鈥渂edroom suburbs,鈥?nbsp;and many of
us, without small children as icebreakers, would have trouble naming all the people on our street.
鐒惰�岋紝濡備粖鐨勬儏鍐垫槸灞呬綇鍜屽伐浣滈兘鍦ㄥ悓涓�涓湴鏂?/p>
鐨勪汉鏋佸皯锛屽鏇村鐨勪汉鏉ヨ瀹舵垚浜嗕竴涓粎浠呯敤鏉ョ潯瑙夌殑鍦版柟銆傛垜浠殑灞呬綇鍦拌鍙仛
鈥?/p>
杩戦儕灞呬綇鍖?/p>
鈥?/p>
锛岀敱浜庢病鏈変簡瀛╁瓙鍍忚繃鍘婚偅鏍疯捣鍒版矡閫氶偦
閲屽叧绯荤殑浣滅敤锛岃澶氫汉鎰熷埌瑕佸彨鍑鸿窡鎴戜滑鍚屼綇涓�鏉¤鐨勬墍鏈変汉鐨勫悕瀛楁槸浠舵瀬涓嶅鏄撶殑浜嬨�?/p>
8
銆?/p>
It鈥檚 not that we are more isolated today. It鈥檚 that many of us have transferred a chunk of our friendships, a major portion o
f our everyday social
lives, from home to office. As more of our neighbors work away from home, the workplace becomes our neighborhood.
杩欎笉鏄鎴戜滑浠婂ぉ琚垎寰?/p>
鏇村紑浜嗭紝鑰屾槸濂藉浜哄凡缁忛儴鍒嗙殑鍙嬭皧鍜屽ぇ閮ㄥ垎鐨勬棩甯哥ぞ浜ょ敓娲讳粠瀹堕噷杞Щ鍒颁簡鍔炴枃瀹ゃ�傞殢鐫�瓒婃潵瓒婂鐨勪汉璧板嚭瀹堕棬鍘诲伐浣滐紝宸ヤ綔鐨勫湴鏂瑰氨
鍙樻垚浜嗘垜浠殑琛楀尯銆?/p>
9
銆?/p>
The kaffeeklatsch of the fifties is the coffee break of the eighties.The water cooler, the hall, the elevator, and the parking lot are the back fences of
these neighborhoods. The people we have lunch with day after day are those who know the running saga of our mother鈥檚 operations, our child鈥檚 math
grades, our frozen pipes, and faulty transmissions.50
骞翠唬鐨勪笅鍗堣尪鎴愪簡
80
骞翠唬鐨勫枬鍜栧暋鐨勫伐闂翠紤鎭�傚伐浣滃湴鐨勯ギ姘村喎鍗存満銆佸ぇ鍘呫�佺數姊�佸仠
杞﹀満鏄柊绀惧尯鐨勫悗闄㈢绗嗗銆傚ぉ澶╁拰鎴戜滑鍏辫繘鍗堥鐨勪汉鏄粰鎴戜滑鐨勬瘝浜插姩鎵嬫湳鐨勫尰鐢熴�佸瀛愮殑鏁板鑰佸笀銆佺閬撳伐銆佹苯杞︿慨鐞嗗伐绛夈�?/p>
10
銆?/p>
We may be strangers at the supermarket that replaced the corner grocer, but we are known at the coffee shop in the lobby. We share with each
other a cast of characters from the boss in the corner office to the crazy lady in Shipping, to the lovers in Marketing. It鈥檚
not surprising that when
researchers ask Americans what they like best about work,they say it is 鈥渢he shmoose factor.鈥?nbsp;When they ask young mothers at home what they miss
most about work, it is the people.
浜轰滑鏇剧粡鍦ㄦ潅璐у簵鐨勮秴甯傞噷鍙兘鏄檶鐢熶汉锛屼絾鏄嵈鏋佸彲鑳藉湪鍏徃澶у巺鐨勫挅鍟￠棿閲岀浉璇嗐�傛垜浠皥璁轰竴浜涗汉鐗╋紝
浠庤澶村姙鏂囧鐨勮�佹澘锛屽埌杩愯緭閮ㄤ腑鐨勭柉濂充汉锛屽埌钀ラ攢閮ㄧ殑鎯呬汉浠�傞毦鎬綋鐮旂┒鑰呴棶鍙婄編鍥戒汉鍏充簬宸ヤ綔浠栦滑鏈�鍠滄浠�涔堢殑鏃跺�欙紝浠栦滑鐨勫洖绛?/p>
鏄?/p>
鈥?/p>
鍜屽悓浜嬫偁闂茶嚜鍦ㄥ湴闂叉壇
鈥?/p>
锛屽綋璇㈤棶鍦ㄥ閲屽仛鍏ㄨ亴姣嶄翰鐨勫勾杞诲濂冲宸ヤ綔鏈�鎬�蹇典粈涔堟椂锛屽ス浠鏄伐浣滀腑鎵�鎺ヨЕ杩囩殑浜恒�?/p>
11
銆?/p>
Not
all
the
neighborhoods
are
empty,
nor
is
every
workplace
a
friendly
playground.
Most
of
us
have
had
mixed
experiences
in
these
environments. Yet as one woman told me recently, she knows more about the people she passes on the way to her desk than on her way around the
block. Our new sense of community hasn鈥檛 just moved from house to office building. The labels that we wear connect us with me
mbers from distant
companies, cities, and states. We assume that we have something 鈥渋n common鈥?nbsp;with ot
her teachers, nurses, city planners.
涓嶆槸鎵�鏈夌殑浣忓畢鍖洪兘鏄┖
鐨勶紝涔熶笉鏄墍鏈夌殑宸ヤ綔鍗曚綅閮芥槸鍙嬪ソ鐨勩�傚鏁颁汉鍦ㄨ繖浜涚幆澧冮噷閮芥浘鏈夎繃澶嶆潅鐨勭粡鍘嗐�傜劧鑰岋紝鏈�杩戜竴浣嶅コ鎬ф湅鍙嬪憡璇夋垜濂瑰宸ヤ綔鍗曚綅閲岀殑浜?/p>
鐨勪簡瑙ｇ▼搴﹁鑳滀簬瀵瑰悓涓�琛楀尯浜虹殑浜嗚В绋嬪害銆傛垜浠笉浠呮妸绀惧尯鐨勬蹇典粠浣忓畢鍖烘惉杩涗簡鍔炲叕妤硷紝涓婄彮鏃惰韩涓婃墍浣╂埓鐨勬爣蹇椾篃鎶婃垜浠拰寮傚浗浠?/p>
涔＄殑浜轰滑鍜屽叕鍙稿憳宸ヨ仈绯诲湪涓�璧枫�傛垜浠亣璁捐嚜宸卞拰鍏朵粬鐨勬暀甯堛�佹姢澹�佸煄甯傝鍒掕�呮湁鐫�鏌愪簺鍏卞悓鐐广�?/p>
12
銆?/p>
It鈥檚 not unlike the experience of our imm
igrant grandparents. Many who came to this country still identified themselves as members of the Italian
community, the Irish communtiy, the Polish community. They sought out and assumes connection with people from the old country, Many of us have
updated that experience. We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhood with the workplace. This
whole realignment of community is surely most obvious among the mobile professions. People who move from city to city seem to put roots into
their professions. In an age of specialists, they may have to search harder to find people who speak the same language.
杩欐湁鐐瑰儚鏈�鍒濈Щ姘戞潵鍒扮編鍥?/p>
鐨勬垜浠殑绁栬緢浠殑缁忓巻锛岃澶氫汉鏉ュ埌杩欓噷鍚庢妸鑷繁鍘熸潵鐨勫浗绫嶅綋鎴愪竴涓ぞ鍖猴紝鎵�浠ユ湁鎰忓ぇ鍒╀汉绀惧尯銆佺埍灏斿叞浜虹ぞ鍖恒�佹尝鍏扮ぞ鍖虹瓑銆備粬浠笉
鏂鎵惧苟璁炬兂鑷繁涓庢潵鑷悓涓�涓浗瀹剁殑浜轰滑鏈夌潃浜插瘑鐨勮仈绯汇�傛垜浠妸杩欑浣撻獙鎻愬崌浜嗕竴姝ャ�傚儚鐢ㄥ伐浣滃崟浣嶅彇浠ｅ眳浣忓湴涓�鏍凤紝鎴戜滑鐢ㄤ笓涓氳韩
浠藉彇浠ｄ簡绉嶆棌韬唤銆傝繖绉嶇ぞ鍖虹殑瀹屽叏閲嶇粍鍦ㄦ祦鍔ㄤ綔涓氱殑琛屼笟涓〃鐜板緱鏈�涓烘槑鏄撅紝閭ｄ簺鍦ㄤ笉鍚屽煄甯傚彉鎹㈠伐浣滅殑浜轰技涔庢妸鑷繁鐨勮韩浠芥鏍逛簬浠?/p>
浠殑琛屼笟涓�傚湪杩欎釜鍏呮弧涓撲笟浜哄＋鐨勬椂浠ｏ紝浠栦滑涓嶅緱涓嶈垂灏藉懆鎶樺幓瀵绘壘鏈夊叡鍚岃瑷�鐨勪汉銆?/p>
13
銆?/p>
I don鈥檛 think that there is anything massively disruptive about this shifting sense of community. The continuing search for c
onnection and shared
enterprise is very human. But I do feel uncomfortable with our shifting identity. The balance has tipped, and we seem increasingly dependent on
work for our sense of self.
鎴戝苟涓嶈涓鸿繖绉嶇ぞ鍖烘蹇电殑鍙樿縼浼氶�犳垚澶ч潰绉殑娣蜂贡锛岃繖绉嶅鑱旂郴鍜屽叡鍚岀悊鎯崇殑涓嶆柇杩藉鍏呮弧浜嗕汉鎬с�備絾鎴戝鎴?/p>
浠笉鏂彉鍖栫殑韬唤纭疄鎰熷埌涓嶅畨銆傝韩浠芥剰璇嗙殑澶╁钩浼间箮宸茬粡鏃ユ笎鍊炬枩鍒板伐浣滃喅瀹氳韩浠借繖杈广�?/p>
14
銆?/p>
If our office are our new neighborhoods, if our professional titles are our new ethnic tags, then how do we separate ourselves from our jobs?
Selfworth isn鈥檛 just something to measure in the marketplace. But in these new communities, it be
comes harder to tell who we are without saying
what we do.
濡傛灉鍔炲叕瀹ょ湡鐨勫交搴曞彉鎴愭垜浠殑绀惧尯锛屽鏋滄垜浠殑鎵�浠庝簨鐨勮涓氱湡鐨勫交搴曞彉鎴愭垜浠殑绉嶆棌鍗拌锛岄偅鎴戜滑鎬庢牱鎵嶈兘鎶婅嚜宸卞拰宸ヤ綔