璇█瀛︽湰鍛ㄤ綔涓氾細璇磋璇嶆牴锛岃瘝骞诧紝璇嶅熀锛岃瘝绱犲拰璇嶇紑杩?/p>
5
涓蹇电殑鐩稿悓鐐瑰拰涓嶅悓鐐癸紝骞朵妇
渚嬭鏄庛�?/p>
Root. Stem Base Morpheme Affix
(
涓�
)
璇嶇礌锛?/p>
Morphemes
锛?/p>
鍗曡瘝鏄湁璇嶇礌锛?/p>
morphemes
锛夋瀯鎴愮殑銆傝瘝绱犲嵆鑻辫璇█涓湁鎰忎箟鐨勬渶灏忓崟浣嶏紝鍚屾椂鍏锋湁澹伴煶鍜屾剰
涔夈�傚崟璇嶅彲浠ユ湁涓�涓垨涓�涓互涓婄殑璇嶇礌缁勬垚銆?/p>
濡傦細
nation
鏄竴涓瘝绱狅紝
national
鏈?/p>
nation+al
涓や釜
璇嶇礌銆?/p>
璇嶇礌鍙互鍒嗕负鑷敱璇嶇礌锛?/p>
free morphemes
锛夊拰榛忕潃璇嶇礌锛?/p>
bound morphemes
锛?/p>
銆傝嚜鐢辫瘝绱犲彲浠ュ崟鐙?/p>
鎴愪负鍗曡瘝锛岃�岄粡鐫�璇嶇礌鍒欏繀椤昏渚濋檮浜庡叾浠栫殑璇嶇礌锛屽
-ly , -ness
銆?/p>
璇嶇礌鍙堝彲浠ュ垎涓鸿瘝鏍瑰拰璇嶇紑銆?/p>
璇嶆牴鏄崟璇嶄腑琛ㄧず鍚箟鐨勬垚鍒嗭紝
鍙互鏄嚜鐢辨垨鑰呴粡鐫�璇嶇礌銆?/p>
璇嶇紑鍙?/p>
鑳芥槸榛忕潃璇嶇礌锛?/p>
瀹冨張鍙互鍒嗕负灞堟姌璇嶇紑
锛?/p>
inflectional affixes
锛?/p>
鍜屾淳鐢熻瘝缂�
锛?/p>
derivational affixes
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
(
浜?/p>
)
璇嶇殑鏋勬垚
锛?/p>
word-formation
锛?/p>
璇嶆牴銆?/p>
璇嶅共鍜岃瘝鍩烘槸璇█瀛︿笂涓�涓瘝鍒犲幓鎵�鏈夌殑璇嶇紑鍚庡墿涓嬬殑閭ｉ儴鍒嗐�?/p>
璇嶆牴
鏄竴涓瘝涓昏鎰忎箟鐨?/p>
鎵胯浇閮ㄥ垎锛?/p>
鏄笉鍙互鍐嶅垎鐨勶紱
璇嶅共
鏄兘娣诲姞灞堟姌璇嶆眹鐨勮瘝绱狅紝
鍗充竴涓瘝琚櫎鍘诲眻鎶樿瘝缂�鎵�鍓╀笅鐨?/p>
閮ㄥ垎锛?/p>
璇嶅熀
鏄墍鏈夎兘娣诲姞灞堟姌璇嶇紑鐨勮瘝绱犮�備緥濡傦細
Nationalities
璇嶆牴
nation
璇嶅熀锛?/p>
nation
鏄?/p>
national
鐨勮瘝鍩?/p>
national
鏄?/p>
nationlity
鐨勮瘝鍩?/p>
璇嶅共锛?/p>
nationality
璇嶇礌鏄瘝鐨勭粍鎴愭垚鍒嗭紝鏄瑷�涓闊冲拰璇箟鐨勬渶灏忕粨鍚堜綋銆?/p>
璇嶆牴鏄瘝鐨勫熀鏈舰寮忥紝
涓嶈兘鍐嶄綔杩涗竴姝ョ殑鍒嗘瀽鑰屽畬鍏ㄤ笉鎹熷け鍚屼竴鎬с�?/p>
涔熷氨鏄锛?/p>
鍘绘帀鎵�鏈夌殑
璇嶇紑鍚庯紝璇嶆墍鍓╀笅鏉ョ殑閮ㄥ垎灏辨槸璇嶆牴銆?/p>
internationalism
杩欎釜璇嶄腑锛屽幓鎺?/p>
inter-,-al,-ism
涔嬪悗锛?/p>
鍓╀笅鏉ョ殑灏辨槸璇嶆牴
nation.
鎵�鏈夌殑璇嶉兘鍖呭惈涓�涓瘝鏍广�?/p>
璇嶆牴涔熸槸璇嶇礌锛?/p>
璇嶇礌鏈夎嚜鐢辫瘝绱犲拰绮樼潃璇嶇礌锛?/p>
閭ｄ箞鍚屾牱璇嶆牴涔熸湁鑷敱璇嶆牴鍜岀矘鐫�璇嶆牴銆?/p>
鑷?/p>
鐢辫瘝鏍规寚鑳藉崟鐙嚭鐜扮殑璇嶆牴锛屼篃灏辨槸璇磋嚜鐢辫瘝鏍规湰韬彲浠ョ粍鎴愯瘝銆?/p>
璇嶆牴鍚湁杩欎釜璇嶇殑涓績鎰忎箟銆傝瘝鏍规槸褰㈡�佸涓婃渶灏忕殑璇箟缁撴瀯锛屽畠鍙拰鏇叉姌鍙樺寲鐩稿叧銆?/p>
璇嶇紑鏄竴涓瀯璇嶆垚鍒嗙殑闆嗗悎锛屽畠浠彧鑳介檮鍔犱簬鍙︿竴涓瘝绱?/p>
锛堣瘝鏍规垨璇嶅共锛変笂銆?/p>
璇嶆牴鍙兘鏄嚜
鐢辫瘝绱犱篃鍙兘鏄矘闄勮瘝绱狅紝
浣嗚瘝缂�閮芥槸绮橀檮璇嶇礌銆?/p>
鑷敱璇嶆牴璇嶇礌鑳界嫭鑷嚭鐜帮紝
鏄瘝鐨勫熀纭�
褰㈠紡锛?/p>
濡?/p>
black,blackbird,blackboard,blacksmith
涓殑
black.
璇█涓繖绫昏瘝绱犲湪鏁伴噺涓婄殑娼滃姏鏄?/p>
鏃犻檺鐨勩�傚彲鏄嫳璇腑鐨勭矘闄勮瘝鏍硅瘝绱狅紝鐩稿鏉ヨ鏁伴噺寰堝皯锛屽
receive,perceive,conceive
涓殑
-ceive,
remit,permit,commit,submit
涓?/p>
鐨?/p>
-mit,
retain,contain,maintain
涓?/p>
鐨?/p>
-tain
,
incur,recur,occur
涓殑
-cur
绛夈�?/p>
鑻辫涓湁浜涜瘝鏍规棦鍙互鏄嚜鐢辩殑锛?/p>
涔熷彲浠ユ槸绮橀檮鐨勩�?/p>
渚嬪锛?/p>
sleep
鍜?/p>
child
閮芥槸鑷敱璇嶆牴璇嶇礌锛岀劧鑰?/p>
sleep
鐨勮繃鍘诲垎璇嶅舰寮?/p>
slept
涓殑
slep-
鍜?/p>
child
鐨勫鏁板舰寮?/p>
children
涓殑
child-
閮戒笉鑳界嫭鑷瓨鍦紝鍥犳鏄矘闄勭殑銆?/p>
璇嶅共鏄寚鑳藉姞涓婂眻鎶樿瘝缂�鐨勮瘝绱犳垨璇嶇礌鐨勭粍鍚堛�?/p>
friends
涓殑
friend-
锛?/p>
friendships
涓殑
friendship-
閮芥槸璇嶅共銆?/p>
friend-
琛ㄦ槑璇嶅共鍙兘鐩稿綋浜庤瘝鏍癸紝鑰?/p>
friendship-
琛ㄦ槑璇嶅共鍙互鍖呭惈璇嶆牴