1
Module 1 Our Body and Healthy Habits
闃呰鐞嗚В鎻愰�熺粌鈥斺�旂粌閫熷害
(
闄愭椂锛?/p>
20
鍒嗛挓
)
A
(2016路琛℃按涓�涓珮鑰冩ā鎷?/p>
)It
is
7
am
and
the
alarm
is
going
off. You know you have to be out of bed to catch the bus. But
the urge to bury yourself in the bed is ever so strong.
Sounds familiar? Why is it that teens find it difficult
to
get
themselves
out
of
bed
in
time
every
morning
or
stay
sharp
and
focused
during
the first couple of hours of school?
During
adolescence,
the
body
goes
through
many
changes
and
these
include
a
shift
in
sleep
patterns.
Researchers
from
MIT
have
been
tracking
the
body's
need
for
sleep
in
teenagers.
They
found
that
though
adolescents
need
as
much
as
9.5
hours
of
sleep
a day, they get to bed later and later with each passing year. In fact, the sleep
cycle shifts later by as much as 12 to 18 minutes each year between the ages of 10
and 20! So by the time a 10颅year颅old who sleeps at 8 pm grows to be 17 or 18, his
body naturally wants to stay up till 10
锛?/p>
30 pm or 11 pm.
According to researchers, this is because of a hormone called melatonin (
瑜?/p>
榛戞縺绱?/p>
)
that
is
secreted
(
鍒嗘硨
)
by
the
pineal
gland
鈥?/p>
a
tiny
structure
deep
inside
the brain. Melatonin regulates the body's natural day颅night rhythms. It causes a
person
to
become
sleepy
by
lowering
his
body's
core
temperature.
In
teens,
melatonin
is
secreted
much
later
in
the
evening
and
continues
to
increase
throughout
the
night.
This
makes
it
difficult
for
teens
to
fall
asleep
earlier
as
they
did
in
their
younger
years.
Likewise,
the
effect
of
melatonin
continues
until
much
later
in
the
morning,
making it hard for them to wake up early.
A
study
found
that
at
least
one
in
four
teens
is
tired
and
falls
asleep
in
school
at least once a week. During sleep, important body functions and brain activities
happen.
So
how
can teenagers get
their
sleep
enough?
The
American Academy
of
Pediatrics
(AAP)
recommends
that
middle
and
high
schools
should
start
later
鈥?/p>
not
before 8
锛?/p>
30 am. This should give teens some more time to sleep at night.
璇瘒瑙ｈ锛?/p>
鏈枃鏄竴绡囪鏄庢枃銆?/p>
鏃╃潯鎵嶈兘鏃╄捣锛屾櫄鐫′細瀵艰嚧鏃╀笂璧栧簥锛?/p>
鐫¤鍛ㄦ湡鐨勬敼鍙樺疄闄?/p>
涓婂彈鍒朵簬澶ц剳涓竴绉嶈绉颁负瑜粦婵�绱犵殑鑽峰皵钂欍�?/p>
1
锛?/p>
From
Paragraph
2,
we
can
learn
that
if
you
sleep
late,
the
next
day
you
should