1
第六?/p>
胶体及界面化学部分习题简?/p>
练习
p247
3
解:
Δ
G
=
?/p>
Δ
A
= 72.0×
10
-3
×
4×
10
-4
=2.88×
10
-5
J
4
解:
Δ
p
= 2
?/p>
/
r
= 2×
72.0×
10
-3
/1.0
×
10
-5
= 144
×
10
2
Pa =14.4 kPa
5
解:
h
=2
σ
/(
ρ
g r
)= 2×
72.0×
10
-3
/(1.0
×
10
3
×
9.8
×
1.0
×
10
-4
) = 0.147 m
6
解:
σ
?/p>
-
乙醚
=
σ
?/p>
-
?/p>
+
σ
乙醚
-
?/p>
COS
ζ
?/p>
0.379 = 0.375 + 0.0107COS
ζ
COS
ζ
= 0.374
?/p>
ζ
= 68
0
P257
2
解:
σ
= a + bc
?/p>
c
?/p>
0
?/p>
σ
0
= a > 0
?/p>
(d
σ
/d
c
)=
b
?/p>
Г
=-[
c
/(
RT
)](d
σ
/d
c
) =
-bc/RT
> 0
?/p>
b
< 0
P265
4
解:
V
/
V
?/p>
=
Kp
/(1+
Kp
)
?/p>
1/
V
=1/
KV
?/p>
p
+1/
V
?/p>
2.5×
10
-3
/
V
?/p>
= 1.01325
×
10
5
K
/(1+ 1.01325
×
10
5
K
)
4.2×
10
-3
/
V
?/p>
= 1.01325
×
10
6
K
/(1+ 1.01325
×
10
6
K
)
0.5 =
Kp
/(1+
Kp
)
?/p>
p
=8.26
×
10
4
Pa
p278
3
解:
1.2×
10
-5
×
0.020=2.4×
10
-7
mol
?/p>
KCl
?/p>
1.0×
10
-4
×
0.005=5×
10
-7
mol
?/p>
AgNO
3
AgNO
3
过量,胶粒带正电,胶团结构表示式为:
{[AgCl]
m
·
nAg
+
·
(n-x)NO
3
-
}
x+
·
x NO
3
-
,电泳时胶粒向负极移动?/p>
P285
4
解:
(1) 1-2x=0.5050 mol dm
-3
?/p>
R
-
Na
+
Cl
-
Na
+
Cl
-
x=0.2475mol dm
-3
?/p>
c
1
c
1
0
0.5
0.5
x/c
2
=c
2
/(c
1
+2c
2
)
?/p>
c
1
c
1
+x
x
0.5-x
0.5-x
c
1
=0.0101 mol dm
-3
(2)
π
=
Δ
cRT =(2×
(0.0101+0.2475)-0.5050) ×
8.314×
298=25.28 kPa
5
解:
x/c
2
=c
2
/(c
1
+2c
2
)
?/p>
x = 0.5
2
/(0.10+2×
0.5) = 0.227 mol dm
-3
π
=
Δ
cRT =(2×
(0.10+0.227)- 2×
(0.5-0.227)) ×
8.314×
298=267.6 kPa
练习?/p>
6-1
298.2K
时水在湿空气中的表面张力?/p>
71.97
×
10
-3
Nm
-1
,
其表面张力温度系
数为
-1.57
×
10
-6
N m
-1
K
-1
?/p>
试求在恒温恒压下
.
系统体积不变时可逆增?/p>
2cm
2
的表
面积?/p>
,
该过程的热、功?/p>
Δ
G
?/p>
Δ
S
?
解:
Δ
S
=-
p
A
T
,
?/p>
?/p>
?/p>
?
?/p>
?/p>
?/p>
?/p>
?/p>
Δ
A
=3.14×
10
-10
JK
-1
,
Q
=
T
Δ
S
=9.36×
10
-8
J
W
?
-
σ
Δ
A
=1.44×
10
-5
J , Δ
G
=
W
?1.44×10
-5
J
6-2
有一完全浮在空气中的肥皂泡,
若其直径
2.0×
10
-3
m
?/p>
已知肥皂溶液表面?/p>
?/p>
0.7Nm
-1
,则肥皂泡内所受的附加压力是多?/p>
?
V
?/p>
=4.54
×
10
-3
?/p>
K
=1.21
×
10
-5