鍩哄洜鐨勮浆褰曘�佽浆褰曞悗
鍔犲伐鍙婇�嗚浆褰?/p>
杞綍
(transcription)
鏄互
DNA
鍗曢摼涓烘ā鏉匡紝
NTP
涓哄師鏂欙紝鍦?/p>
DNA
渚濊禆鐨?/p>
RNA
鑱?/p>
鍚堥叾鍌寲涓嬪悎鎴?/p>
RNA
閾剧殑杩囩▼銆?/p>
涓?/p>
DNA
鐨勫鍒剁浉姣旓紝
鏈夊緢澶氱浉鍚屾垨鐩镐技涔嬪锛?/p>
浜?/p>
鏈夊叾鐗圭偣锛屽畠浠箣闂寸殑寮傚悓鍙畝瑕佺ず浜庤〃
13-1
杞綍鐨勬ā鏉挎槸鍗曢摼
DNA
锛?/p>
涓庡鍒剁殑妯℃澘鏈夎緝澶氱殑涓嶅悓鐗圭偣锛?/p>
寮曞嚭浜嗕笅鍒楃浉鍏虫蹇点�?/p>
杞綍杩囩▼鍙互鍩哄洜缁?/p>
DNA
涓紪鐮?/p>
RNA
锛?/p>
mRNA
銆?/p>
tRNA
銆?/p>
rRNA
鍙婂皬
RNA
锛夌殑鍖烘涓烘ā
鏉裤�傛妸
DNA
鍒嗗瓙涓兘杞綍鍑?/p>
RNA
鐨勫尯娈碉紝绉颁负缁撴瀯鍩哄洜锛?/p>
structure
gene
锛夈�傜粨
鏋勫熀鍥犵殑鍙岄摼涓紝浠呮湁涓�鑲￠摼浣滀负妯℃澘杞綍鎴?/p>
RNA
锛岀О涓烘ā鏉块摼
(template
strand)
锛屼篃绉颁綔
Watson
锛?/p>
W
锛夐摼
(Watson strand)
銆佽礋锛?/p>
-
锛夐摼
(minus strand)
鎴栧弽鎰忎箟閾?/p>
(antisense
strand)
銆備笌妯℃澘閾剧浉瀵瑰簲鐨勪簰琛ラ摼锛屽叾缂栫爜鍖虹殑纰卞熀搴?/p>
鍒椾笌
mRNA
鐨勫瘑鐮佸簭鍒楃浉鍚岋紙浠?/p>
T
銆?/p>
U
浜掓崲锛夛紝绉颁负缂栫爜閾?/p>
(coding strand)
锛屼篃
绉颁綔
Crick
锛?/p>
C
锛夐摼锛?/p>
Crick strand
锛夈�佹锛?/p>
+
锛夐摼
(plus strand)
锛屾垨鏈夋剰涔夐摼
(sense
strand)
銆備笉鍚屽熀鍥犵殑妯℃澘閾句笌缂栫爜閾撅紝鍦?/p>
DNA
鍒嗗瓙涓婂苟涓嶆槸鍥哄畾鍦ㄦ煇涓�
鑲￠摼锛岃繖绉嶇幇璞＄О涓轰笉瀵圭О杞綍
(asymmetric
transcription)
銆傛ā鏉块摼鍦ㄧ浉鍚屽弻
閾剧殑涓嶅悓鍗曡偂鏃讹紝
鐢变簬杞綍鏂瑰悜閮戒粠
5鈥欌啋3鈥欙紝
琛ㄨ涓婅浆褰曟柟鍚戠浉鍙嶏紝
濡傚浘
13-1
銆?/p>
涓?/p>
DNA
澶嶅埗绫讳技锛?/p>
杞綍杩囩▼鍦ㄥ師鏍哥敓鐗╁拰鐪熸牳鐢熺墿涓墍闇�鐨勯叾鍜岀浉鍏冲洜瀛愭湁鎵�涓?/p>
鍚岋紝杞綍杩囩▼鍙婅浆褰曞悗鐨勫姞宸ヤ慨楗颁害鏈夊樊寮傘�備笅闈㈢殑璁ㄨ涓皢鍒嗗埆鍙欒堪銆?/p>
鈥?/p>
鍙備笌杞綍鐨勯叾
杞綍閰讹紙
transcriptase
锛夋槸渚濊禆
DNA
鐨?/p>
RNA
鑱氬悎閰讹紙
DNA dependent RNA
polymerase
锛?/p>
DDRP
锛夛紝浜︾О涓?/p>
DNA
鎸囧鐨?/p>
RNA
鑱氬悎閰讹紙
DNA directed RNA
polymerase
锛夛紝绠�绉颁负
RNA
鑱氬悎閰讹紙
RNA pol
锛夈�傚畠浠?/p>
DNA
涓烘ā鏉垮偓鍖?/p>
RNA
鐨勫悎
鎴愩�?/p>
鍘熸牳鐢熺墿鍜岀湡鏍哥敓鐗╃殑杞綍閰讹紝
鍧囪兘鍦ㄦā鏉块摼鐨勮浆褰曡捣濮嬮儴浣嶏紝
鍌寲
2
涓父绂荤殑