绗?/p>
2
鑺?/p>
閾濆強鍏跺寲鍚堢墿
涓�銆佸崟椤归�夋嫨棰?/p>
(
鏈ぇ棰樺叡
24
鍒嗭紝姣忓皬棰?/p>
4
鍒嗭紝姣忓皬棰樺彧鏈変竴涓纭�夐」
)
1
锛?/p>
(2013
骞村北涓滈珮鑰?/p>
)
瓒抽噺涓嬪垪鐗╄川涓庣瓑璐ㄩ噺鐨勯摑鍙嶅簲锛屾斁鍑烘阿姘斾笖娑堣�楁憾璐ㄧ墿璐ㄧ殑閲?/p>
鏈�灏戠殑鏄?/p>
(
)
銆?/p>
A
锛庢阿姘у寲閽犳憾娑?/p>
B
锛庣█纭吀
C
锛庣洂閰?/p>
D
锛庣█纭濋吀
2
锛庝笅鍒楀叧浜庨噾灞為摑鐨勫彊杩颁腑锛岃娉曟纭殑鏄?/p>
(
)
銆?/p>
A
锛?/p>
Al
鏄湴澹充腑鍚噺鏈�澶氱殑鍏冪礌
B
锛?/p>
Al
鏄瘮杈冩椿娉肩殑閲戝睘锛屽湪鍖栧鍙嶅簲涓鏄撳け鍘荤數瀛愶紝琛ㄧ幇姘у寲鎬?/p>
C
锛庝笌
Al
鍙嶅簲浜х敓
H
2
鐨勬憾娑蹭竴瀹氬憟閰告�?/p>
D
锛庨摑绠斿湪绌烘皵涓彈鐑彲浠ョ啍鍖栵紝鐢变簬姘у寲鑶滅殑瀛樺湪锛岀啍鍖栫殑閾濆苟涓嶆淮钀?/p>
3
锛庡皢閾濇潯鎻掑叆
NaOH
婧舵恫涓紝寮�濮嬫病鏈?/p>
H
2
鐢熸垚鐨勫師鍥犳槸
(
)
銆?/p>
A
锛庨摑涓?/p>
NaOH
婧舵恫涓嶅弽搴?/p>
B
锛庨摑鏉¤〃闈㈡湁
Al
2
O
3
C
锛庨摑鏉′笉绾惈鏈夋潅璐?/p>
Mg
D
锛?/p>
NaOH
婧舵恫涓惈鏈?/p>
NaAlO
2
4
锛庝笅鍒楅櫎鍘绘潅璐ㄧ殑鏂规硶涓嶆纭?/p>
锛庯紟锛?/p>
鐨勬槸
(
)
銆?/p>
A
锛庨晛绮変腑娣锋湁灏戦噺閾濈矇锛氬姞鍏ヨ繃閲忕儳纰辨憾娑插厖鍒嗗弽搴旓紝杩囨护銆佹礂娑ゃ�佸共鐕?/p>
B
锛庣敤杩囬噺姘ㄦ按闄ゅ幓
Fe
3
锛?/p>
婧舵恫涓殑灏戦噺
Al
3
锛?
C
锛?/p>
Al(OH)
3
涓贩鏈夊皯閲?/p>
Mg(OH)
2
锛氬姞鍏ヨ冻閲忕儳纰辨憾娑诧紝鍏呭垎鍙嶅簲锛岃繃婊わ紝鍚戞护娑蹭腑閫?/p>
鍏ヨ繃閲?/p>
CO
2
鍚庤繃婊?/p>
D
锛?/p>
MgO
涓贩鏈夊皯閲?/p>
Al
2
O
3
锛氬姞鍏ヨ冻閲忕儳纰辨憾娑诧紝鍏呭垎鍙嶅簲锛岃繃婊ゃ�佹礂娑ゃ�佸共鐕ュ緱鍒?/p>
MgO
5
锛庣敤涓�寮犲凡闄ゅ幓琛ㄩ潰姘у寲鑶滅殑閾濈當绱х揣鍖呰９鍦ㄨ瘯绠″澹?/p>
(
濡備笅鍥炬墍绀?/p>
)
锛屽皢璇曠娴稿叆纭?/p>
閰告睘婧舵恫涓紝
鐗囧埢鍙栧嚭锛?/p>
鐒跺悗缃簬绌烘皵涓紝
涓嶄箙閾濈當琛ㄩ潰鐢熷嚭鈥滅櫧姣涒�濓紝
绾㈠ⅷ姘存煴鍙崇涓婂崌銆?/p>
鏍规嵁瀹為獙鐜拌薄鍒ゆ柇涓嬪垪璇存硶閿欒
锛庯紟
鐨勬槸
(
)
銆?/p>
A
锛庡疄楠屼腑鍙戠敓鐨勫弽搴旈兘鏄哀鍖栬繕鍘熷弽搴?/p>
B
锛庨摑鏄竴绉嶈緝娲绘臣鐨勯噾灞?/p>
C
锛庨摑涓庢哀姘斿弽搴旀斁鍑哄ぇ閲忕殑鐑噺
D
锛庨摑鐗囦笂鐢熸垚鐨勭櫧姣涙槸姘у寲閾濆拰姘у寲姹炵殑娣峰悎鐗?/p>
6
锛庝笅鍒楃瀛愬湪婧舵恫涓彲浠ュぇ閲忓叡瀛橈紝涓斿悜婧舵恫涓姞鍏ラ摑绮夎兘浜х敓姘㈡皵鐨勬槸
(
)
銆?/p>
A
锛?/p>
K
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
Cl
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
Na
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
SO
2
锛?
4
B
锛?/p>
Na
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
Cl
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
Ba
2
锛?
C
锛?/p>
H
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
Cl
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
Fe
2
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
NO
锛?
3
D
锛?/p>
Cu
2
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
OH
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
CO
2
锛?/p>
3
銆?/p>
Na
锛?
浜屻�佸弻椤归�夋嫨棰?/p>
(
鏈ぇ棰樺叡
12
鍒嗭紝姣忓皬棰?/p>
6
鍒嗭紝姣忓皬棰樻湁浜屼釜姝ｇ‘閫夐」銆傞�夊涓�涓粰
3
鍒嗭紝閫夐敊涓�涓笉缁欏垎
)
7
锛庡叧浜?/p>
Al
鐨勪笅鍒楄娉曟纭殑鏄?/p>
(
)
銆?/p>
A
锛庨摑婧朵簬姘㈡哀鍖栭挔婧舵恫涓殑绂诲瓙鏂圭▼寮忔槸锛?/p>
2Al
锛?/p>
2OH
锛?/p>
锛?/p>
2H
2
O===2AlO
锛?
2
锛?/p>
3H
2
鈫?/p>
B
锛?/p>
0.1 L 3 mol路
L
锛?/p>
1
鐨?/p>
AlCl
3
婧舵恫涓惈鏈夌殑
Al
3
锛?
鏁扮洰涓?/p>
0.3N
A
C
锛?/p>
1 mol路
L
锛?/p>
1
鐨?/p>
NaAlO
2
婧舵恫鍜?/p>
2.5 mol路
L
锛?/p>
1
鐨勭洂閰哥瓑浣撶Н娣峰悎鐨勭瀛愭柟绋嬪紡鏄細
2AlO
锛?
2
锛?/p>
5H
锛?/p>
===Al(OH)
3
鈫擄紜
Al
3
锛?
锛?/p>
H
2
O
D
锛庡伐涓氫笂鐢佃В鐔旇瀺
MgCl
2
鍒跺彇閲戝睘闀侊紝涔熺敤鐢佃В鐔旇瀺
AlCl
3
鐨勬柟娉曞埗鍙栭噾灞為摑
8
锛庝笅鍒楃殑鐗╄川鐨勫埗澶囨柟娉曟纭殑鏄?/p>
(
)
銆?/p>
A
锛?/p>
AlCl
3
婧舵恫涓?/p>
Na
2
S
婧舵恫鍙嶅簲鍒?/p>
Al
2
S
3
B
锛庡皢纭矇涓庨摑绮夊叡鐑埗
Al
2
S
3
C
锛庣敤閾濈矇鍜岃蒋閿扮熆
(
鍚?/p>
MnO
2
)
鍙埗寰楅敯