15
绗洓绔?/p>
鎬濊�冮涓庝範棰?/p>
1
锛?/p>
瑙ｉ噴浠ヤ笅鍚嶈瘝鏈锛氭淮瀹氬垎鏋愭硶锛屾淮瀹氾紝鏍囧噯婧舵恫锛堟淮瀹氬墏锛?/p>
锛屾爣瀹氾紝鍖栧璁￠噺鐐癸紝
婊村畾缁堢偣锛屾淮瀹氳宸紝鎸囩ず鍓傦紝鍩哄噯鐗╄川銆?/p>
绛旓細婊村畾鍒嗘瀽娉曪細灏嗕竴绉嶅凡鐭ュ噯纭祿搴︾殑璇曞墏婧舵恫
锛堝嵆鏍囧噯婧舵恫锛?/p>
鐢辨淮瀹氱婊村姞鍒?/p>
琚祴鐗╄川鐨勬憾娑蹭腑锛岀洿鍒颁袱鑰呮寜鐓т竴瀹氱殑鍖栧鏂圭▼寮忔墍琛ㄧず鐨勮閲忓叧绯诲畬鍏ㄥ弽搴斾负姝紝
鐒跺悗鏍规嵁婊村畾鍙嶅簲鐨勫寲瀛﹁閲忓叧绯伙紝
鏍囧畾婧舵恫鐨勬祿搴﹀拰浣撶Н鐢ㄩ噺锛?/p>
璁＄畻鍑鸿娴嬬粍鍒嗙殑鍚?/p>
閲忥紝杩欑瀹氶噺鍒嗘瀽鐨勬柟娉曠О涓烘淮瀹氬垎鏋愭硶銆?/p>
婊村畾锛氬湪鐢ㄦ淮瀹氬垎鏋愭硶杩涜瀹氶噺鍒嗘瀽鏃讹紝鍏堝皢琚祴瀹氱墿璐ㄧ殑婧舵恫缃簬涓�瀹氱殑瀹瑰櫒涓?/p>
锛堥�氬父涓洪敟褰㈢摱锛?/p>
锛屽湪閫傚疁鐨勬潯浠讹紝鍐嶅彟涓�绉嶆爣鍑嗘憾娑查�氳繃婊村畾绠￠�愭淮鍦板姞鍒板鍣ㄩ噷锛?/p>
鐩村埌涓よ�呭畬鍏ㄥ弽搴斾负姝€�傝繖鏍风殑鎿嶄綔杩囩▼绉颁负婊村畾銆?/p>
鏍囧噯婧舵恫锛堟淮瀹氬墏锛?/p>
锛氬凡鐭ュ噯纭祿搴︾殑璇曞墏婧舵恫銆?/p>
鏍囧畾锛氬皢涓嶅叿澶囧熀鍑嗙墿璐ㄦ潯浠剁殑杩欑被鐗╄川閰嶅埗鎴愯繎浼间簬鎵�闇�娴撳害鐨勬憾娑诧紝鐒跺悗鍒╃敤
璇ョ墿璐ㄤ笌鏌愬熀鍑嗙墿璐ㄦ垨鍙︿竴绉嶆爣鍑嗕箣闂寸殑鍙嶅簲鏉ョ‘瀹氬叾鍑嗙‘娴撳害锛?/p>
杩欎竴鎿嶄綔杩囩▼绉颁负鏍?/p>
瀹氥�?/p>
鍖栧璁￠噺鐐癸細褰撴淮鍏ョ殑鏍囧噯婧舵恫涓庤娴嬪畾鐨勭墿璐ㄦ寜鐓т竴瀹氱殑鍖栧璁￠噺鍏崇郴瀹屽叏鍙?/p>
涓烘锛岀О鍙嶅簲杈惧埌浜嗗寲瀛﹁閲忕偣銆?/p>
婊村畾缁堢偣锛氭淮瀹氳繘琛岃嚦鎸囩ず鍓傜殑棰滆壊鍙戠敓绐佸彉鏃惰�岀粓锛屾鏃剁О涓烘淮瀹氱粓鐐广�?/p>
婊村畾璇樊锛氭淮瀹氱粓鐐逛笌鍖栧璁￠噺鐐瑰線寰�骞朵笉鐩稿悓锛岀敱姝ゅ紩璧锋祴瀹氱粨鏋滅殑璇樊绉颁负缁?/p>
鐐硅宸紝鍙堢О婊村畾璇樊銆?/p>
鎸囩ず鍓傦細涓轰簡渚夸簬瑙傚療婊村畾缁堢偣鑰屽姞鍏ョ殑鍖栧璇曞墏銆?/p>
鍩哄噯鐗╄川锛氳兘鐢ㄤ簬鐩存帴閰嶅埗鏍囧噯婧舵恫鐨勫寲瀛﹁瘯鍓傜О涓哄熀鍑嗙墿璐ㄣ�?/p>
2
锛?/p>
婊村畾搴︾殑琛ㄧず鏂规硶
T
B/A
鍜?/p>
T
B/A
%
鍚勮嚜鐨勬剰涔夊浣曪紵
绛旓細
A
B
T
琛ㄧず姣忔鍗囨爣鍑嗘憾娑茬浉褰撲簬琚祴鐗╄川鐨勮川閲忥紙
g
鎴?/p>
mg
锛?/p>
銆?/p>
%
A
B
T
琛ㄧず姣忔鍗囨爣鍑嗘憾娑茬浉褰撲簬琚祴鐗╄川鐨勮川閲忓垎鏁般�?/p>
3
锛?/p>
鍩哄噯璇曞墏锛?/p>
1
锛?/p>
H
2
C
2
O
4
路
2H
2
O
鍥犱繚瀛樹笉褰撹�岄儴鍒嗗垎鍖栵紱
锛?/p>
2
锛?/p>
Na
2
CO
3
鍥犲惛娼甫鏈夊皯閲?/p>
婀垮瓨姘淬�傜敤锛?/p>
1
锛夋爣瀹?/p>
NaOH[
鎴栫敤锛?/p>
2
锛夋爣瀹?/p>
HC1]
婧舵恫鐨勬祿搴︽椂锛岀粨鏋滄槸鍋忛珮杩樻槸
鍋忎綆锛熺敤姝?/p>
NaOH
锛?/p>
HC1
锛夋憾娑叉祴瀹氭煇鏈夋満閰革紙鏈夋満纰憋級鐨勬懇灏旇川閲忔椂缁撴灉鍋忛珮杩?/p>
鏄亸浣庯紵
绛旓細
鐢紙锛戯級鏍囧畾
NaOH
婧舵恫鐨勬祿搴︽椂锛岀粨鏋滃亸楂?/p>
,
鐢紙锛掞級鏍囧畾
HCl
婧舵恫鐨勬祿搴?/p>
鏃讹紝缁撴灉鍋忎綆
锛涚敤姝?/p>
NaOH
婧舵恫娴嬪畾鏈夋満閰告椂缁撴灉鍋忛珮
,
鐢ㄦ
HCl
婧舵恫娴嬪畾鏈夋満纰?/p>
鏃剁粨鏋滃亸浣庛�?/p>
? !
4
锛?/p>
鏈変竴鍦ㄧ┖姘斾腑鐎戦湶杩囩殑姘㈡哀鍖栭捑锛岀粡娴嬪畾鐭ュ叾鍚按
7.62%
锛?/p>
K
2
CO
3
2.38%
鍙?/p>
KOH
90.00%
銆傚皢姝よ瘯鏍?/p>
1.000g
鍔?/p>
1.000 mol路
L
-1
HCl
婧舵恫
46.00mL
锛岃繃閲忕殑閰稿啀鐢?/p>
1.070
mol路
L
-1
KOH
鍙嶆淮瀹氳嚦瀹屽叏鍙嶅簲銆傚皢姝ゆ憾娑茶捀鍙戣嚦骞诧紝闂墍寰楁畫娓ｆ槸浠�涔堬紵鏈夊灏?/p>
鍏嬶紵
瑙ｏ細鎵�寰楁畫娓ｄ负
KCl
锛屾湁
3.427g
K
2
CO
3
+2HCl==2KCl+CO
2
+H
2
O
KOH+HCl==KCl+H
2
O