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代名词 one 用法简述

■崔长平 河南省遂平县第一高级中学（463100）

代名词one是一个使用频率较高且又变化多端的词，掌握其基本用法有利于正确地使用。现将其主要用法陈述如下：

one

替代一个非特指的单数可数名词。one既可以指人，也可以指物。其前无定语时，不能直接与不定冠词连用，以免发生歧义。（如用another，each，every等修饰时，不加不定冠词。）除非one前有定语，否则不与名词所有格（如：Tom′s）、形容词性的物主代词 （如：my ）连用。在“形容词性物主代词+own”之后或基数词后，不能再加one。在最高级后面，在this，that后面常省略。

eg. They needed an excuse and they soon found one.

The professor brought out three bottles. One was filled with kerosene, one with castor oil, and one with vinegar.

--- Which (one) would you like? --- That (one). the（?）one

替代一个单数（或含有定语的）特指名词。其中的the也可以用this，that等代换。

eg. “Yes, I sucked a finger, but the finger I put into my mouth was not the one I had dipped into the cup.”

If you take this chair, I will take that one.

I have bought a new dictionary. So I don’t need my old one. Ones

替代一个复数非特指名词。其前有定语时才能和these，those；基数词或some，any，many，several等连用。both之后通常不用ones。在最高级后面；these和those后面，ones可省略。（在英国可以使用these ones，those ones）。

These books are too difficult. Can you lend me some easy ones? Have you any sweet ones? I do not want those green ones. These yellow ones are too small. the（?）ones

替代一个复数（或有定语修饰的）特指名词。

And the big fish continues to devour the little ones. a /an ? one

替代一个非特指的单数名词。one与不定冠词连用时，其前须加有定语。 The story of silk is a fascinating one. There is not a lazy one among the ants.

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